英文文献原文及翻译---工业以太网与智能建筑-建筑结构(编辑修改稿)

英文文献原文及翻译---工业以太网与智能建筑-建筑结构(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

pany successfully developed, as a passive medium (such as twisted pair, coaxial cable, etc.) to disseminate information, to the history of the spread of electromagic waves known as the Ether (Ether ) To name. 1980 by the DEC, INTEL, XEROX jointly launched a three EtherV2, is the world39。 s first LAN standard. 1983 IEEEE802 Committee DIX EtherV2 based introduced IEEE803, using the CSMA / CD MAC technology. refer to a CSMA / CD works, and Ether DIX EtherV2 from the standard definition, not strictly in the circumstances, can be called LAN, which is Ether. To the modern manufacturing industry as an example, its modern manufacturi ng automation model in Figure Industrial Ether is the mercial application of Ether to industrial control systems, the two works is not essentially different from, the two are patible. (2) CSMA / CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection Multicarrier monitoring visit / conflict detection) CSMA / CD are the first improvement es from CSMA. ① CSMA (Carrier monitor multiple access): stop trying to send a signal, first of all to monitor bus, to determine whether there is other media, to stop the signal. • If the media is free, you can send。 • If the media are in working condition, then wait some try again after the interval, when heard in a busy state media, CSMA There are several different ways to deal with, the availability of interception of signal: adhere to nonCSMA, 1 adhere to CSMA, P Consistently CSMA. ② CSMA / CD to hear not only the first, but also Baiting Bain hair, a bus in the conflict, but once the conflict was detected。 they stopped sending the frame, to give up their own frame. In order to know that other stations can also have a conflict, listening to the conflict to the bus station on the spread of a blocking signal interference, informed the bus station in the conflict have taken place, the capacity of this channel will not be sent because the frame was damaged 13 and waste. With the increased work load, the collision would increase the opportunities, work efficiency decreased significantly. 14 3 Industrial Ether features (1) technology is mature, easy to use Ether XEROX pany in the United States launched in 1975, has been in 30 history, many manufacturers around the world have the support of the military, industrial, civilian areas have been widely used. (2) With uniform standards, open good adopt a unified standard Ether CSMA / CD, is used MAC technology, can be achieved between different manufacturers of products Inter, is an open Standard work. (3) Highspeed munications, high speed Ether transmission rate of munication has increased from 10 M to 100 M, 1 000M, or even 10 G. (4) To achieve subremote access, diagnosis and maintenance. (5) To support redundant connection configuration, data up to a number of strong data access, up to destination. (6) System capacity, not because there can not be expected to expand the system failure, a mature and reliable system security system. (7) Low investment costs, including the initial investment, training costs and maintenance costs. (8) Lines using doubleisolation transformers or optical fiber, and strong antiinterference. 15 4 Industrial Ether the existing problems Field Bus is used for industrial control and plex and harsh environment of industrial design at the scene, the system of realtime and response time have strict demands on electricity use of the environment, there are special requirements. Since Ether is designed for information and munications, industrial control for the existence of the following questions: (1) using Ether CSMA / CD Access Protocol, which is a nondeterministic work The high demand for realtime control systems, this uncertainty will result in the requested information can not convey. The socalled work segment is even shared the same bus work, you can listen to the message sent by the other side, at the same collision regional conflict (a conflict that will impact the region) of workstations and servers to connect the work area. For example, in a collision conflict in the region have a working group (from a server and workstation ponents multiple), when more than one visit a server workstation, due to the CSMA / CD bound by the same time allowing only a workstation and server Communications, can only wait for the other workstations. Competition for the workstation munication channel so that the munication workstations have delayed, and this extension When the time is uncertain, workstations more petition for munications for the longer this situation known as the load was more severe the longer the waiting time. If in a collision domain, assume that two working groups, in a collision domain, the first work group servers, workstations access to petitive broadband works (such as 100 M), another working group of all workstations and servers Are in a wait state and can not run. The two working groups to split the original broadband work (100 M), a working group work, must wait for another group, this has not only delayed, and this delay is uncertain. As CSMA / CD have unforeseen delay, particularly in the heavy load, the more realtime data transmission can not。