维生素e与应激反应外文翻译(编辑修改稿)

维生素e与应激反应外文翻译(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

e original weight, immune function, so the indirect effects of the production performance of chickens, performance poult dysplasia, survival rate is low。 poultry and egg laying rate drop, egg quality is low, eggs, small deformation, eggshell thinning, brittle, surface roughness, broken egg rate, hatching egg fertilization rate。 poultry growth, body weight decreased, the meat quality is poor, low feed reward. 3, 2 produce stress syndrome Manifestations of renal cortical hypertrophy, lassitude, rapid heartbeat, high blood pressure, loss of appetite, reduced sexual function, slow growth, the most serious from fear of death. 3, 3 immune resistance Chicken in the stress, the increase in the secretion of epinephrine, make blood lymphocytes decreased, at the same time, because of increased protein catabolism, used to produce immunoglobulin raw material is relatively reduced, the vaccine, antibody formation was reduced, low antibody level in the body, can not achieve the desired effect of the immune. 3, 4 to induce various diseases Stress not only make chicken lower only specific immunity in chickens, and non specific resistance is generally reduced, easy to induce a variety of diseases, such as blueb disease, chronic respiratory disease, infectious coryza, aspergillosis, bursitis, fowl cholera, ulcerative enteritis. 4, immunological stress Immunological stress animal is the animal vaccination appear individual allergic, a handful of animal body temperature, some animal anorexia, metabolism, growth, feeding cycle extension phenomenon. Generalized immune also known as immune challenge in immunology, which inject antigen to stimulate the immune response. In the animal life, there are many factors (including infection, trauma and tumor) can cause immune stress. In the immunity during stress, cytokines especially produced by monocytes and macrophages in the inflammatory cytokines IL1, IL6 and TNF α mediated inflammation response system, if have a fever, loss of appetite, also plays a role in nutrient redistribution agent, can be used in the growth and skeletal muscle protein deposition of nutrients for related process to maintain the immune response. The amount of inflammatory cytokines produced in favor of the body against infection, but produces too much will cause varying degrees of damage to the body. Especially the TNF α causes pathological reaction in inflammatory conditions or inflammatory diseases. The study found that can activate the immune system of the material are likely to stimulate the body to produce immunity stress (Kelly, 1998). The immune system has the ability to give priority to the use of nutrients, when the animal immune stress, immune system activation, release of cytokines (CK, CK) regulate metabolism process, affecting the growth of demand and the mode properties and nutritional needs. Research shows that, the change of stress is mainly mediated by CK. Webel (1998) to the pig injection of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide increases the secretion of IL6, TNF α, plasma concentration of TNF α 2 hours increased by 10 times. Klasing (1987) to the chickens infected with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae were observed after the concentration of serum IL1 was significantly higher than that in non stress group. Many studies have confirmed that, the livestock and poultry immune stress reduced feed intake, reduce the feed conversion rate, delay the time to market, reduce protein deposition, carcass lean meat rate, eye muscle area reduction. Continuous enhancement of the productivity of laying hens, immune response ability is re。