纳税筹划外文翻译2(编辑修改稿)

纳税筹划外文翻译2(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

planning applies to various types of investments that can shift tax liability to future periods, such as treasury bills, bank certificates, savings bonds, and deferred annuities. Companies can avoid paying taxes during the current period for ine that is reinvested in such taxdeferred instruments. Tax Planning for Different Business Forms 外文原 文 5 The first step in tax planning— for small business owners and professionals, at least— is to select the right form of organization for your enterprise, according to Albert B. Ellentuck in the Laventhol and Horwath Small Business TaxPlanning Guide. You39。 ll end up paying radically different amounts of ine tax depending on the form you select. And your odds of being audited by the IRS will change, too. Many aspects of tax planning are specific to certain business forms。 some of these are discussed below: SOLE PROPRIETORSHIPS AND PARTNERSHIPS. Tax planning for sole proprietorships and partnerships is in many ways similar to tax planning for individuals. This is because the owners of businesses organized as sole proprietors and partnerships pay personal ine tax rather than business ine tax. These small business owners file an informational return for their business with the IRS, and then report any ine taken from the business for personal use on their own personal tax return. No special taxes are imposed except for the selfemployment tax (SECA), which requires all selfemployed persons to pay both the employer and employee portions of the FICA tax, for a total of percent. Since they do not receive an ordinary salary, the owners of sole proprietorships and partnerships are not required to withhold ine taxes for themselves. Instead, they are required to estimate their total tax liability and remit it to the IRS in quarterly installments, using Form 1040 ES. It is important that the amount of tax paid in quarterly installments equal either the total amount owed during the previous year or 90 percent of their total current tax liability. Otherwise, the IRS may charge interest and impose a stiff penalty for underpayment of estimated taxes. Since the IRS calculates the amount owed quarterly, a large lumpsum payment in the fourth quarter will not enable a taxpayer to escape penalties. On the other hand, a significant increase in withholding in the fourth quarter may help, because tax that is withheld by an employer is considered to be paid evenly throughout the year no matter when it was withheld. This leads to a possible tax planning strategy for a selfemployed person who falls behind in his or her estimated tax payments. By having an employed spouse increase his or her withholding, the selfemployed person can make up for the deficiency and avoid a penalty. The IRS has also been known to waive underpayment penalties for people in special circumstances. For example, they 西安交通大学城市学院本科生毕业设计（论文） 6 might waive the penalty for newly selfemployed taxpayers who underpay their ine taxes because they are making estimated tax payments for the first time. Another possible tax planning strategy applies to partnerships that anticipate a loss. At the end of each tax year, partnerships file the informational Form 1065 (Partnership Statement of Ine) with the IRS, and then report the amount of ine that accrued to each partner on Schedule K1. This ine can be divided in any number of ways, depending on the nature of the partnership agreement. In this way, it is possible to pass all of a partnership39。 s early losses to one partner in order to maximize his or her tax advantages. What’s more, enterprises to carry out the correct tax, the need for the adoption of the following major route of transmission. First, reasonable means of financing options. In accordance with the provisions of China39。 s current tax law, corporate interest payments on the loan within a certain range can be pretax expenses, and dividends can only be spending the aftertax profits of enterprise expenses. From a tax point of view, appropriate to the bank business loans and financing between enterprises, rather than directly to the fundraising benefits. Second, a reasonable choice of trading partners. China39。 s existing valueadded tax system has a general taxpayers and smallscale taxpayers on the points, choose a different supplier object, the tax burden on enterprises is not the same. For example, when the Department of suppliers of valueadded tax general taxpayer, the business after the purchase of goods, according to the amount of tax deduction of input tax amount of the corresponding balance after payment of valueadded tax。 if the purchase of goods for smallscale taxpayers, VAT can not be achieved Its not contai n the amount of input tax deduction, the tax burden more than the former. Such as open invoices can also be part of deduction. Third, the easy way out tax conversion. Enterprises will be converted to hightax lowtax, refers to econ。