矿井通风毕业设计外文翻译--全球煤矿瓦斯涌出及利用现状(编辑修改稿)

矿井通风毕业设计外文翻译--全球煤矿瓦斯涌出及利用现状(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

sion of Poland’s Lublin Basin, (4)the Pechora Basin, located in northern Russia and (5) the Karaganda Coal Basin, located in Kazakhstan. Of the five basins, the Dosk and Kuzsk Basins appear to have the largest nearterm potential for coalbed methane development （ USEPA, 1994b） . Both of these regions are heavily industrialized and present many opportunities for coalbed methane use. Options for methane use in the CIS Heating mine facilities. Currently, most mines use coalfired boilers to produce steam heat for drying coal, heating mine facilities and heating ventilation air. In some cases, mine boilers also supply thermal energy to the surrounding munities. Boilers can be retrofitted to cofire methane with coal, a relatively simple and lowcost procedure. More than 20 mines in the Dosk and Pechora Basins use methane to fuel boilers and several mines also use it for directly heating air for the mines’ ventilation systems and for coal drying (Serov, 1995。 Saprykin et al., 1995). 6 . Use in furnaces in the metallurgical industry. Another viable market for methane use is the metallurgical industry. For example, the city of Novokuzsk, in the southern portion of the Kuzsk Basin, contains numerous gassy mines and is one of the biggest centers of metallurgy in Russia. The region’s metallurgical industry consumes about 54 PJ of natural gas annually, which is equivalent to about 109 m3 of methane (USEPA, 1996b) . . Power generation at mine facilities. Most mines purchase electricity from the power grid. Cofiring coalbed methane with coal to generate electricity onsite may be a more economical option for these mines. Coalbed methane can be used, independently of or in conjunction with coal, to generate electricity using boilers, gas turbines and thermal bustion engines (USEPA, 1994b). . Use as a motor vehicle fuel. The Doskugol Coal Production Association in Ukraine is draining methane in advance of mining using surface boreholes. The recovered methane is pressed onsite and used as fuel for the Association’s vehicle fleet. The refueling station, which has been operating for more than three years, produces about 1,000 m3 of pressed gas per day. Based on estimated gas reserves it is expected to operate for a total of eight years ( Pudak, 1995 ). While many mines in the CIS are utilizing their methane resources, the majority are not. Certain barriers must be overe before recovery and use of coal mine methane bees widespread. These barriers and their potential solutions are discussed in greater detail in Section 3 of this paper. The United States There are five major coal producing regions in the United States from which hard coal is mined and which have the potential for coalbed methane development. They are: （ 1） the Appalachian Basin, located in Pennsylvania, Ohio, West Virginia, eastern Kentucky and Tennessee, （ 2） the Warrior Basin, located in Alabama, （ 3） the Illinois Basin, located in Illinois, Indiana and western Kentucky, （ 4） the Southwestern region, including the Uinta, Piceance, Green River and San Juan Basins located in Colorado, Utah and New Mexico and （ 5） the Western Interior region, including the Arkoma Basin of Oklahoma and Arkansas. In 1994, an estimated 109 m3 of methane were liberated by underground mining in these regions, of which less than 109 m3 were used（ USEPA, unpublished data） . Currently in the United States, at least 17 mines in six states（ Alabama, Colorado,Ohio, Pennsylvania, Virginia and West Virginia） recover methane for profit, primarily through sale to gas distributors. In 1995, the total methane recovered 7 from these mines, including vertical wells draining methane in advance of mining, exceeded 1109 maximizing the amount of gas recovered via drainage systems, these mines have greatly reduced their ventilation costs, improved safety conditions for miners and have collected and sold large quantities of highquality gas. Following is a brief description of selected coal mine methane recovery activities in the United States. Warrior basin: Alabama Six of the seventeen US mines with mercial methane recovery systems are located in the Warrior Basin of Alabama. Today, energy panies recover methane from the Warrior Basin by horizontal wells, gob wells（ in areas being mined ） and vertical wells（ in both mined and unmined areas） . Most of this gas is sold to regional natural gas distributors, although there is some onsite mine use. In 1995, four mines operated by Jim Walter Resources produced more than 380106 m3 of methane for pipeline sale and USX’s Oak Grove Mine recovered an estimated 117106 m3 of methane for use. Appalachian region Eight mines in Virginia and West Virginia have developed successful methane recovery and use projects. The Consol mines in Virginia are the most welldocumented examples. Consol produces gas from a bination of vertical wells that are hydraulically stimulated, horizontal boreholes and gob wells drilled over longwall panels. In 1995, Consol produced approximately 688106 m3 of saleable methane from three mines. Methane recovery efficiency at these mines is higher than 60%. Southwestern region The Soldier Canyon Mine in Utah recovered about 106 m3 of methane for sale annually until early 1994, when production was curtailed and gas sales ended due to low market prices. Summary While methane recovery has been economically implemented at the abovedescribed mines, safety and high coal productivity remain the impetus for their degasification efforts. Methane drainage at many gassy mines in the United States is limited or nonexistent. Section 3 of this paper discusses potential avenues for increasing methane recovery and use in the United States and other countries. 8 Germany Germany produced nearly 54 million tons of hard coal in 1995, all fro。