从功能对等理论看歇后语的英译(英文)_毕业论文(编辑修改稿)

从功能对等理论看歇后语的英译(英文)_毕业论文(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

explanatory ones, revealing ones and associating ones based on the relationship between two parts. Characteristics of Twopart Allegoric Sayings “Twopart allegotic sayings is ubiquitous, vividly employing the full spectum of traditional Chinese history and imagery, from the lofty to the mundane”(Rohsenow 1991:59). Which, undoubtedly, is full of the colorful Chinese culture. The first part often provides a vivid image and the second part intends to explain the implicit meaning of the first part. For example,猫哭耗子 ——假慈悲 (A cat crying over a mouse39。 s misfortune—sham mercy). It is easy for the readers to imagine a clear picture from the vivid description of the first part, nevertheless, the second part is the truth and explanation to the first part. As we all know, cat and mouse are a pair of natural enemy, so it is impossible for a cat to show sympathy for a mouse sincerely. The only result of the situation listed above is that the cat show sham mercy to the mouse, and eat the mouse when it is unprepared. Functions of Twopart Allegoric Sayings “Generally speaking, twopart allegotic sayings plays two kinds of fuctions in its application: municative fuctions and rhetorical fuxtions”(许家群 20xx:7). Most people focus their attentions on the application of Twopart allegotic sayingsin in daily life, that is the municative functions of twopart allegotic sayings have attracted much attention. However, in fact, the rhetorical effect of Twopart allegotic sayings is its main function. Anyhow, the two types of functions are related to each other and can not be seperated. Communicative Function of Twopart Allegoric Sayings 错误 !未定义书签。 Rhetoric 4 Fuction of Twopart Allegoric Sayings “The most important rhetorical effect achieved by twopart allegotic sayings is humor, irony or sarcasm embodied in it”(温端 政 1985:30). Some Twopart allegotic sayings provide a sense of humour. For example, 蚊子叮菩萨 ——认错人 (A msquito bites a clay Buddha—mistaking dentity). The first part of this twopart allegotic sayings shows a picture that a mosquito flies into a temple and tries to bite a clay idol whose appearance is similar to a real second part explains that the mosquito mistakes the idol for a true person. Ironic and sarcastic effect can be achieved in some other twopart allegotic sayings. For instance,黄鼠狼给鸡拜年 ——没安好心 (A weasel pays a New Year call on a hen—not with a good intention). The weasel, as everyone knows, is one of the worst enemys of hens, therefore, if a weasel pays a New Year call on a hen, it could not have good intentions but want to eat the hen. 错误 !未定义书签。 错误 !未定义书签。 II. An Overview of Functional Equivalence 5 “Functional equivalence theory” was proposed by American famous translation theorist, Eugene Nida. This theory is considered as the representative works of contemporary translation theory by the western translation field. The theory emphasizes the equivalent translation from source language to target language in its culture. Before going to problems and solutions to functional equivalence in twopart allegotic sayings translation, the definition and levels of functional equivalence are discussed first. Definition of Functional Equivalence “Dynamic equivalence”, a key concept in Nida39。 s translation theory, defined as “the principle of equivalent effect”. By the mid1980s, “dynamic equivalence” was replaced by “functional equivalence”. “Functional equivalence” allows a wide range of diversity in translating, so the translator can have more freedom to deal with problems in translation. In such a translation, dynamic translation, one is not so concerned with matching the receptorlanguage message with the source language message, but with the dynamic relationship, that the relationship between receptor and message should be substantially the same as that which existed between the original receptors and the message(Nida 1964:150 ). “Dynamic equivalence is therefore to be defined in terms of the degree to which the receptor of the message in the receptor language respond to it in substantially the same manner as the receptors in the source language”(Nida 1969:24). The relationship between the target language receptor and the source text should generally be equivalent to that between the source language receptor and the source text. Functional equivalence translation pays much more attention to the receptor39。 s response and naturalness of target language than language forms. “A translation of functional equivalence aims at plete naturalness of expression, and tries to relate the receptor to modes of behavior relevant within the context of his own culture。 it does not insist that he understand the cultural patterns of the sourcelanguage context in order to prehend the message”(Nida 1964:159). Levels of Functional Equivalence Translation involves message transmission between two languages and cultures. The 6 definition of translation proposed by Nida shows that translation is not only related to equivalence of lexical meaning, but also the equivalence of text connotation and style , while message transmission includes surface lexical message and deep cultural message. Functional equivalence mainly contains four levels: lexical equivalence, syntactic equivalence, contextual equivalence and cultural equivalence. Lexical equivalence The meaning of a word lies in its usage in language. In translation activities, it is hard to find the corresponding meaning in target language. For example, “An apple a day, keeps the doctor away”, both “apple” and “doctor” have several meanings without a concrete context. Therefore, we can understand this sentence in two different ways: (1) One can keep healthy by eating an apple everyday。 (2) One can not get a doctor degree with playing an iP。