改善中美贸易机会的集群方式外文翻译(编辑修改稿)

改善中美贸易机会的集群方式外文翻译(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

fair because the third country’s cost may higher than that in China. So, in order to know Chinese merchandise’ cost structure and solve the antidumping dispute permanently, the US and China need to find a better way to negotiate a more reasonable and workable parative strategy towards evaluating these exchanges. However, the most important and also the first step, we think, is to implement a stronger and more workable system to municate and cooperate. Only when both countries trust each other and consider the problems as faced by our trading partners can trade issues be solved easily. (2) Chinese production has historically been associated with the output of relatively inexpensive goods that traditionally relied on an abundant and low cost labor supply to meet the demands of the market. As Chinese industrial policies developed, and became more capital intensive a significantly higher level of productivity was realized. China rapidly became more diversified in terms of its productive capacity and output choices. The conscious movement towards cluster production has made a more diversified production mix possible as well as a natural outgrowth of modernization. These changes in Chinese production capacity occurred as the visible shift towards a more service based economy became a reality throughout the American economy. This emerging dynamic has created a more diversified demand for imported goods on the part of the American consumer, products which are now almost exclusively produced outside of domestic American production facilities. Chinese products have been warmly received by the American consumer. However, the America market has also bee more diversified with some consumers seeking high quality merchandise while others continue to seek lowpriced merchandise. This change has provided a great opportunity for China as well as the need for its producers to prepare a wider range of products to meet this new demand for imports on the part of the United States. One result of this change is that the more diversified demand for any given product must now recognize the need for different levels of quality reflecting different pricing levels as well, creating a wider choice for the American consumer who will then be able to select their desired merchandise at the price and quality levels most desired. It might at first appear that this diversification will break down the economies of scale enjoyed by the cluster approach to production as currently implemented and indeed even being expanded. This does not however, need to be the case. Upgrading and diversifying the industrial cluster’s production level will place upon the manufacturer a great need for more efficient inputs, as well as intensified research and development, to improve techniques as well as technology, the implementation of stricter management measures and improve the petence of employees, all of which open great opportunities for cluster collaboration between American and Chinese management. In the past, China managed to overe these limitations mainly by absorbing foreign capital or through the creation of temporary joint ventures. The current global financial crisis has significantly reduced opportunities for this strategy to continue, indeed, it is now recognized that capital funds can only solve some these contemporary production problems. A conscious effort at enhancing a targeted industrial cluster’s core petence is most important, and can best be acplished by taking advantage of American advanced knowledge and by attracting American talents to China to augment Chinese production, engineering, and product design. China has the labor costs advantage, while America has technology and capital advantage. A prehensive mutually beneficial merging of both advantages is certain to transform and enhance the Chinese industrial cluster. A more aggressive merger of American and Chinese manufacturing and administration skills is also an aid to propel the transition towards smoother overall trade relations. This strategy is directly in line with Porter39。 s concept of geographic clusters, all designed to enhance productivity and minimize resource utilization. According to five sets of actors posing cluster, Chinese clusters can bine with American panies, research munities and financial institutions to group a global cluster or upgrade the primitive one. (3) Any new ideas involving economic development or production must now take its environmental footprint directly into consideration. All nations must accept the fact that we live on a finite pla with finite resources. For the past 15 years China has witnessed a rapid rate of growth that has moved it into third place among our world39。 s economies. As the world gets ever smaller in terms of the intellectual and time ponents of exchange, China needs to better focus on conservation of world resources such that the。