重庆德庄特色火锅城项目可行性研究报告1(编辑修改稿)内容摘要:
uses di sease. There are m any different vi ruses, for exampl e, the fl u vi rus or the SARS vi rus. H IV weakens a person‟s im mune system。 that is, the part of the body that fi ghts di sease. You can have H IV i n your bl ood for a l ong ti me, but eventual y H IV wi l dam age your im m une system so m uch that your body can no l onger fi ght disease. Thi s stage of the i l ness is cal led AIDS. If you devel op AIDS, your chances of survi val are very smal . HIV is spread through bl od or the flui d that the body m akes duri ng sex. For a person to be e i nfected, blood or sexual fl ui d that carri es the vi rus, has to get i nsi de the body through broken skin or by i njection. One day sci enti sts wil l fi nd a cure for H IV/AIDS. Until that hapens, you need to protect yoursel f. H ere are som e thi ngs you can do to m ake sure you stay safe. If you i nject drugs: do not share your nedl e wi th anyone el se. Bl ood from another person can stay on or i n the needl e. If a person has H IV and you use the sam e needl e, you coul d i nject the virus i nto your own bl ood. do not share anythi ng el se that a person has used whil e i njecting drugs. Bl od coul d have spil t on i t. If you have sex wi th a m ale or a fem al e: use a condom. Thi s wi l prevent sexual flui d passi ng from one person to another. The fol l owi ng statem ents are NOT true. A person cannot get H IV the first tim e they have sex. WRON G. If one sexual partner has H IV, the other partner coul d bee i nfected. You can tel l by l ooki ng at someone whether or not they have H IV. WRON G. Many peopl e caryi ng H IV l ook perfectl y heal thy. It i s onl y when the di sease has progressed to AIDS that a person begi ns to l ook si ck. O nl y hom osexual s get AIDS. WRO N G. Anyone who has sex wi th a person infected wi th H IV/AIDS ri sks getti ng the vi rus. Wom en are sli ghtl y m ore l i kel y to be e i nfected than m en. If you hug, touch or kiss som eone wi th AIDS or vi si t them i n thei r hom e, you wil l get H IV/AIDS. WRON G. You can onl y get the di sease from bl ood or sexual fl ui d. Unfortunatel y, peopl e wi th HIV som etim es l ose thei r fri ends because of prejudi ce. Many peopl e are afrai d that they wi l get H IV/AIDS from those i nfected wi th H IV/AIDS. For the sam e reason, som e AIDS pati ents cannot fi nd anyone to l ook after them when they are si ck. You can get H IV/AIDS from m osqui toes. WRON G. There i s no evi dence of thi s. Unit 4 TH E EARTH IS BECOMIN G WARMER BUT DO ES IT MATTER? Duri ng the 20th century the tem perature of the earth rose about one degree Fahrenhei t. That probabl y does not seem m uch to you or m e, but it i s a rapi d i ncrease when pared to other natural changes. So how has thi s e about and does i t m ater? Earth Care‟s Sophi e Armstrong expl ores these questi ons. There i s no doubt that the earth i s bei ng warm er (see Graph 1) and that i s i t hum an activi ty that has caused thi s gl obal warm i ng rather than a random but natural phenom enon. Al l sci enti sts subscri be to the vi ew that the i ncrease i n the earth‟s tem perature i s due to the burni ng of fossi l fuel s l i ke coal, natural gas and oi l to produce energy. Some byproducts of thi s process are cal l ed “greenhouse” gases, the m ost im portant one of whi ch i s carbon dioxi de. Dr Jani ce Foster explai ns: “There i s a natural phenom enon that sci enti sts cal l the „greenhouse effect‟. Thi s is when sm al am ounts of gases i n the atm osphere, li ke carbon dioxi de, m ethane and water vapor, trap heat from the sun and therefore warm the earth. Wi thout the „greenhouse effect‟, the earth woul d be about thi rtythree degrees Cel si us cool er than i t is. So, we need those gases. The probl em begi ns when we add huge quanti ti es of extra carbon di oxi de i nto the atm osphere. It m eans that m ore heat energy tends to be trapped i n the atm osphere causi ng the global tem perature to go up. ” We know that the l evel s of carbon di oxi de have i ncreased greatl y over the last 100 to 150 years. It was a sci enti st cal ed Charl es Keeli ng, who m ade accurate m easurem ents of the amount of carbon di oxi de i n the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997. H e found that between these years the carbon di oxi de i n the atm osphere went up from around 315 parts to around 370 parts per m il li on (see Graph 2). Al l scientists accept thi s data. They also agree that i t i s the burni ng of m ore and more fossi l fuel s that has resulted i n thi s increase in carbon di oxi de. So how hi gh wil l the tem perature i ncrease go? Dr Jani ce Foster says that over the next 100 years the am ount of warmi ng coul d be as l ow as 1 to 1. 5 degrees Cel si us, but i t coul d be as hi gh as 5 degres. H owever, the ati tudes of sci enti sts towards thi s rise are pl etel y di fferent. O n the one hand, Dr Foster thi nks that the trend whi ch i ncreases the tem perature by 5 degrees woul d be a catastrophe. She says, “We can‟t predi ct the cl im ate wel enough to know what to expect, but i t coul d be very seri ous. ” Others who agree wi th her thi nk there m ay be a rise of several m etres i n the sea l evel, or predi ct severe storm s, fl oods, droughts, fami nes, the spread of di seases and the di sappearance of speci es. On the other hand, there are those, l i ke Gee H am bl ey, who are opposed to thi s vi ew and beli eve that we shoul d not worry about hi gh l evel s of carbon di oxi de i n the ai r. They predi ct that any warm i ng wil l be mi l d with few bad environmental consequences. In fact, H am bl ey states, ” More carbon di oxi de i s actual l y a positi ve thi ng. It wil l m ake pl ants grow qui cker。 crops wil l produce m ore。 i t wi l encourage a greater range of anim al s – al l of whi ch wil l make l ife for hum an beings better. ” Greenhouse gases continue to bui l d up i n the atm osp。重庆德庄特色火锅城项目可行性研究报告1(编辑修改稿)
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