工业设计外文翻译--设计对绿色风潮的响应：整体系统和生命周期思想(编辑修改稿)

工业设计外文翻译--设计对绿色风潮的响应：整体系统和生命周期思想(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

ing, and most importantly ergonomics to allow for convenience ie light weight, bag storable, etc. The concept has gained momentum, the cup used all over the Melbourne CBD, Australia, and now globally. 300,000 KeepCups have been sold in twelve months of trading, as adoption of the KeepCup by end users has generated revenue and costs savings for caf233。 owners. But is it really making a difference? We did some research here at RMIT Centre for Design. Disposable paper cups (bined with a PE film) have little post consumer demand from reprocessors, and generally end up in Australian landfill. Although the KeepCup promotes recyclability, the fact still remains that the same system is more likely going to spit the various polymers it is made from to landfill, even if the ponents are separated by the consumer. With this in mind we modeled the 8 oz KeepCup (it is available in various sizes) against a parable disposable paper cup using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology in a streamlined fashion. The functional unit was 1 take away coffee per day delivered to the consumer over a year, with the cups disposed of to landfill over or at the end of that period. We used raw material, manufacturing, transport, and end of life data from the Australian Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) 2020 and European Ecoinvent database. Regional transport routes were considered (shipping from Asia for the disposable cup, lid, and the ring from the KeepCup, trucking from port to consumer), as well as tertiary packaging, and a wash cycle per use for the KeepCup, ranging from a quick rinse with warm water, a fully loaded dishwasher, half loaded dishwasher, and sink washing, the latter three with detergent. We also modeled coffee cultivation, production and brewing in Spain from a study out of Switzerland (Humbert, Loerincik et al. 2020) to see what bearing the KeepCup had in context to the 39。 whole product The results were determined using the LCA Australian Impact Method. The KeepCup pared to the disposable paper cup (not including the coffee) depending upon the wash type (the sink seeing the smallest through to quick rinse seeing the biggest environmental impact reductions), sees a 7192% reduction in global warming potential, a 7195% reduction in water use, and a 9596% reduction in landfill waste over the year. Although the 39。 take away latt233。 set39。 consumer will still purchase the coffee whether in a disposable or reusable option, it is interesting to see how the previously stated savings pare when included with the impacts relating to coffee, which would in general dilute the savings of the container on its own. The KeepCup pared to disposable paper cup (including coffee) sees a 3647% reduction in global warming, a 6485% reduction in water use, and a 9192% reduction in landfill waste annually. Although these are streamlined results using existing LCI data (a full LCAs may be more accurate, although often results are of a similar quantum), the figures indicate Keepcup would drastically reduce environmental impacts of consumers in drinking coffee, although in the grand scheme of things this would account for a very small proportion of a consumers overall impacts annually. This just seems like mon sense, reusing rather than disposing, although this begs the question how the Keepcup strategy could apply to more resource intensive services such as heating, cooling, cooking, food, housing, and transport。 if social rituals adapt. The KeepCup aesthetics are clean, and functionally it is thoughtfully designed, evident in the now global appeal. Although KeepCup is most likely not going to be recycled in the Australian context, the shift from disposable to reusable adds environmental credibility, significantly reduces waste, cuts the economics down to size, and enables a social shift, a wele change for a society now used to throwaway culture. Paris V233。 lib Wide spread change in avoiding behaviours that embody high consumption may be some way off. Design has been instrumental in delivering some of the first tentative steps in facilitating individual and munity action in this respect. Take the Paris V233。 lib, a bike share program introduced in 2020 to promote cycling as opposed to other transport modes throughout Paris for short journeys. By diverting investment traditionally earmarked for carbon intensive transport modes, like more roads, a highly design oriented system delivers the low consumption alternative. If success is measured in use alone, 42 million rentals by 2020 speak loudly. The system works as a whole, with infrastructure, munications and servicing the key in deliveri。