十年考研英语真题71页(编辑修改稿)

十年考研英语真题71页(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

vironment must also have a profound effect, since if petition is important to the parents。 it is likely to bee a major factor in the lives of their children. One place where children soak up Acharacteristics is school, which is, by its very nature, a highly petitive institution. Too many schools adopt the 39。 win at all costs39。 moral standard and measure their success by sporting achievements. The current passion for making children pete against their classmates or against the clock produces a twolayer system , in which petitive A types seem in some way better than their Btype fellows. Being too keen to win can have dangerous consequences: remember that Pheidippides, the first marathon runner, dropped dead seconds after saying: “Rejoice, we conquer!” By far the worst form of petition in schools is the disproportionate emphasis on examinations. It is a rare school that allows pupils to concentrate on those things they do well. The merits of petition by examination are somewhat questionable, but petition in the certain knowledge of failure is positively harmful. Obviously, it is neither practical nor desirable that all A youngsters change into B‟s. The world needs types, and schools have an important duty to try to fit a child‟s personality to his possible future employment. It is top management. If the preoccupation of schools with academic work was lessened, more time might be spent teaching children surer values. Perhaps selection for the caring professions, especially medicine, could be made less by good grades in chemistry and more by such considerations as sensitivity and sympathy. It is surely a mistake to choose our doctors exclusively from A type stock. B‟s are important and should be encouraged. 23. According to the passage, Atype individuals are usually____. [A] impatient [B] considerate [C] aggressive [D] agreeable 24. The author is strongly opposed to the practice of examinations at schools because____. [A] the pressure is too great on the students [B] some students are bound to fail [C] failure rates are too high [D] the results of exanimations are doubtful 25. The selection of medical professionals are currently based on____. [A] candidates‟ sensitivity [B] academic achievements [C] petitive spirit [D] surer values 26. From the passage we can draw the conclusion that____. [A] the personality of a child is well established at birth [B] family influence dominates the shaping of one39。 s characteristics . [C] the development of one39。 s personality is due to multiple factors [D] Btype characteristics can find no place in petitive society Passage 5 That experiences influence subsequent behaviour is evidence of an obvious but nevertheless remarkable activity called remembering. Learning could not occur without the function popularly named memory. Constant practice has such as effect on memory as to lead to skillful performance on the piano, to recitation of a poem, and even to reading and understanding these words. Socalled intelligent behaviour ability to solve any problem or even to recognize that a problem exists depends on memory. Typically, the decision to cross a street is based on remembering many earlier experiences. Practice (or review) tends to build and maintain memory for a task or for any learned material. Over a period of no practice what has been learned tends to be fotten。 and the adaptive consequences may not seem obvious. Yet, dramatic instances of sudden fetting can seem to be adaptive. In this sense, the ability to fet can be interpreted to have survived through a process of natural selection in animals. Indeed, when one‟s memory of an emotionally painful experience leads to serious anxiety, fetting may produce relief. Nevertheless, an evolutionary interpretation might make it difficult to understand how the monly gradual process of fetting survived natural selection. In thinking about the evolution of memory together with all its possible aspects, it is helpful to consider what would happen if memories failed to fade. Fetting clearly aids orientation in time, since old memories weaken and the new tend to stand out, providing clues for inferring duration. Without fetting, adaptive ability would suffer。 for example, learned behaviour that might have been correct a decade ago may no longer be. Cases are recorded of people who (by ordinary standards) fot so little that their everyday activities were full of confusion. This fetting seems to serve that survival of the individual and the species. Another line of thought assumes a memory storage system of limited capacity that provides adaptive flexibility specifically through fetting. In this view, continual adjustments are made between learning or memory storage (input) and fetting (output). Indeed, there is evidence that the rate at which individuals fet is directly related to how much they have learned. Such data offers gross support of contemporary models of memory that assume an inputoutput balance. 27. From the evolutionary point of view, ____. [A] fetting for lack of practice tends to be obviously inadaptive. [B] if a person gets very fetful all of a sudden he must be very adaptive [C] the gradual process of fetting is an indication of an individual39。 s adaptability [D] sudden fetting may bring about adaptive consequences 28. According to the passage, if a person never fot ____. [A] he would survive best [B] he would have a lot of trouble [C] his ability to learn would be enhanced [D] the evolution of memory would stop 29. From the last paragraph we know that____. [A] fetfulness is a response to learning [B] the memory storage system is an exactly balanced inputoutput system [C] memory is a pensation for fetting [D] the capacity of a memory storage system is limited because fetting occurs 30. In this article, the author tries to interp。