外文资料翻译----电视新闻的审查-新闻学(编辑修改稿)

外文资料翻译----电视新闻的审查-新闻学(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

nclude the environment in the top ten topics to receive airtime (Education and religion are other topics with such a disconnect in the media). This, despite the fact that environmental stories won dozens of major awards throughout the 1990’s, including more than a dozen Pulitzer prizes. Two of the very first Pulitzers of the decade were awarded for environmental coverage, including the 1990 Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting, which went to the Seattle Times for its coverage of the Exxon Valdez oil spill off the coast of Alaska, and the 1990 prize for Public Service, which went to the Washington (.) Daily News for a series of reports on carcinogens in that city’s drinking water. In addition, five Distinguished Service Awards from Sigma Delta Chi (a journalism organization) went to environmental reporting, and two of the six newspaper awards given by the group Investigative Reporters and Editors honored environmental exposes. This researcher also won a national Murrow Award in 1998 for an investigative series dealing with environmental issues. So why is it important that news outlets report environmental stories? I believe the environment is if not the most important issue confronting humans in this century, then among the top few. And despite their obligations as news providers, the media gatekeepers are failing to provide enough context for environmental stories. Therefore, Americans are not able to make informed decisions about the human impact on the environment. When Albert Gore, Jr. (1991) was a Democratic Senator from Tennessee, he wrote that: The media have a responsibility to inform and to educate, to tell us not only what is happening today but also why it is happening and what it will mean to us – today and tomorrow. They can and should not only report what is happening, but what could happen… News reporting, by drawing attention to problems and issues, moves policy. Environmental reporting is no different. (p. 183) Gore is absolutely right。 the media play a major role in determining what people discuss and what they think about. If the media do not report on environmental stories, they are simply shirking their responsibility to, as Gore said, inform and educate the public on a very significant topic. I hope to determine how the gatekeepers make their decisions in regard to environmental stories. I will do this by constructing a survey instrument that will be sent to approximately 2,000 mercial broadcast television gatekeepers at both the local and the national level. I want to know how these gatekeepers receive their own background information, from what sources they receive this information, where they get their environmental story ideas, and what makes an environmental story newsworthy in their eyes. I also want to know whether they think business or environmental interests are the most credible when it es to environmental issues. Most importantly, I want to probe their knowledge and views about environmental issues. I want to explore how their knowledge, or lack of knowledge about environmental matters, might shape their coverage of those issues. The initial problem is simply one of mathematics. In a world where people face。