外文翻译——预应力混凝土建筑-建筑结构(编辑修改稿)

外文翻译——预应力混凝土建筑-建筑结构(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

best that is available in the art, and to encourage the engineer to make the fullest and most effective use of prestressed concrete in their buildings. With regard to working drawings, the construction engineer must endeavor to translate the design requirements into the most practicable and economical details of acplishment, in such a way that the pleted element or structure fully plies with the design requirement。 for example, the design may indicate only the center of gravity of prestressing and the effective prestress force. The working drawing will have to translate this into tendons having finite physical properties and dimensions. If the center of gravity of prestressing is a parabolic path then, for pretensioning, and approximation by chords is required, with holddown points suitably located. The putation of prestress losses, form transfer stress to effective stress, must reflect the actual manufacturing and construction process used, as well as thorough knowledge of the properties of the particular aggregates and concrete mix to be employed. With posttensioning, anchorages and their bearing plates must be laid out in their physical dimension. It is useful in the preparation of plex anchorage detail layouts to use fullscale drawings, so as to better appreciate the congestion of mild steel and anchorages at the end of the member. Tendons and reinforcing bars should be shown in full size rather than as dotted lines. This will permit consideration to be given as to how the concrete can be placed and consolidated. The end zone of both pretensioned and posttensioned concrete members subject to high transverse or bursting stresses. These stresses are also influenced by minor concrete details, such as chamfers. Provision of a grid of small bars (sometimes heavy wire mesh is used), as close to the end of a girder as possible, will help to confine a。