外文翻译--荷兰的可持续建筑政策：发展中国家的一个模式(编辑修改稿)

外文翻译--荷兰的可持续建筑政策：发展中国家的一个模式(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

plicability of the Dutch model to developing countries, a final remark should be made regarding the institutional preconditions that are imperative. In a way, a certain degree of ‗modernization‘ needs to be in place in order to initiate an ‗ecological modernization‘ process, including an advanced level of technological development (see, for instance, [21] ). It is selfevident that these preconditions do not always exist in the developing world, particularly in the case of lowine countries, such as those in the subSaharan African region or regions marked by chronic poverty in middleine countries, such as urban slums, where other strategies to achieve sustainable building should be fostered. On the other hand, a large part of the developing countries is already fully modernized and, in this case, the Dutch experience can be of relevance to help orient guidelines for sustainable building and urban design, seeking a refinement of existing technologies and urban realities, and eventually a selfregulation of the construction sector. In order to put such a model at work it is important that a 2 sense of partner ship and mitment between the government and the construction industry is created to begin with by fostering dialogue and raising the level of environmental awareness of all stakeholders involved. Secondly, a mon understanding and methods of cooperation regarding sustainable building practices should be clearly defined and endorsed through official documents, which can be referred to in biddings and negotiation processes. Finally, an effective bination of ‗constraining‘ and ‗enabling‘—that is, of legal, economic and voluntary instruments—should be elaborated, according to local environmental problems and priorities. With these instruments in place and all actors mitted, the construction industry in developing countries can contribute significantly to the sustainable development of the region. Acknowledgements I would like to thank one anonymous reader for providing helpful ments on a nearlier version of this article. Part of the empirical content presented here consists of primary data, obtained through personal inter views: I am grateful to the individuals who took part in the se, particularly to Drs. And re de Miranda (ABN AMRO, Netherlands) and Drs Pieter Kroon ( ING Group, Netherlands). References [1] Anink D, Boonstra C, Mak J. Handbook of Sustainable Building. London: James amp。 James Science Publishers。 1996. [2] UNEP (United Nations Environmental Programme). The Construction Industry and the Environment. United Nations Environmental Programme Review 1996。 19(6). [3] Edwards B. Towards Sustainable Architecture, European Directives amp。 Building Design. Oxford: Butterworth Architecture Legal Series。 1996. [4] Edwards B. Green Buildings Pay. London: Eamp。 FN Spon。 1998. [5] CIB amp。 UNEPIETC. Agenda 21 for Sustainable Construction in Developing Countries. A discussion document. Pretoria: CSIR Building and Construction Technology。 2020. [6] Liefferink D. The Netherlands: a exporter of environmental policy concepts. In: Andersen Michael Skou, Liefferink Duncan, editors. European Environmental Policy. The Pioneers. Manchester: Manchester University Press。 1997. [7] National Dubo Centrum (The Netherlands). Sustainable Building. Frameworks for the Future. Rotterdam:。