外文翻译--绿地中心主塔结构设计与建筑设计的完美结合(编辑修改稿)

外文翻译--绿地中心主塔结构设计与建筑设计的完美结合(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

r this tower needs to be bined with 100year wind load as per “Technical Specification for Concrete Structures of Tall Building “(JGJ 32020). The Table 1 lists the 100year wind load and codebase frequent earthquake load. From Table 1, the base shear and overturning moment under a 100year wind load is much larger than the values under the frequent earthquake load. Architectural massing of the Wuhan Greenland Center Main Tower was developed to optimize both the structural and programmatic performance of the building. Four primary design solutions were implemented to deal with both of these issues: a tapered profile, a dome top, triangular floor plans with rounded soft corners and the vent slots (see Figure 1). Since all of these elements help to minimize the negative effects of wind acting on Supertall buildings, they allowed the quantity of structural materials to be reduced and significantly decreased the construction cost. 12 Table 1. Lateral Load Comparison. Based on wind load data from RWDI, February 2020. Load Case 100Year Wind Frequent Earthquake Load Wind / Seismic Direction Base Shear (kN) Overturning Moment (OTM) (kNm) Base Shear :V ( kN) Overturning Moment (OTM) (kNm) Shear Overturning Moment (OTM) Xdirection 64,956 21,645,051 44,729 12,123,867 Ydirection 62,183 21,528,803 44,775 12,147,109 From a structural perspective, every Supertall building is a cantilever beam in vertical direction, with lateral loads (wind or seismic) and construction costs increasing dramatically as the building height increases. A tapered profile has been proved effective in reducing overall tower lateral loads and has been adopted for many Supertall buildings around the world. Architecturally, the tapering shape also helps to resolve different floor plate size requirements for varied program elements without using a traditional step profile for the building massing. Programmatically, Supertall buildings are usually developed as mixeduse projects. Multiple entrances at Ground Level distinguish each type of user and control access. Floor plates typically reduce in size and lease span as the building rises into the sky. The Wuhan Greenland Center Main Tower provides spaces for three distinctive functions: 13 office, apartment and hotel. While some mixeduse towers separate users by levels, the triangular floor plan of this building allows for the tenants or visitors to have separate entrances all at Ground Level. Soft corners and a round tower top not only help create unique public spaces that attract visitors to the building, but help reduce the tower wind load. To further reduce the wind loads on the tower, openings have been provided though the building in locations optimized through wind tunnel testing. Three massing options, as shown in Figure 2, were tested in a wind tunnel by RWDI. All three options had tapered profiles. Option 1 featured a solid surface and served as the baseline option. Option 2 featured an opening between the crown and dome plus slotted floors at multiple elevations. Option 3 featured wing walls and vertical slots. The overall tower wind loads for three options from the wind tunnel test are listed in Table 2. From Table 2, Option 2 reduced the overall wind load by 15% and % along “X” and “Y” respectively, while Option 3 did not show a significant wind load reduction. The wind tunnel consultant considered that, the opening at the tower top made a great contribution to wind load reduction. Architecturally, an opening at the tower top would separate the whole tower top into an upper crown and a lower dome. So, in addition to 14 reducing the wind load at tower top, the opening at tower top would give the tower a unique architectural feature. Therefore, it was incorporated in the final design. In addition, a building maintenance unit or window cleaning machine is concealed in the crown to clean the dome surface. Table 2. Tower Wind Load Comparison for Different Massing Options. Based on wind load data from RWDI, February 2020 Option Wind Load : ‘X’ Direction Wind Load : ‘Y’ Direction Force (kN) Overturning Moment (OTM) (kN/m) Relative Value Force (kN) Overturning Moment (OTM) (kN/m) Relative Value 1 +04 +07 % +04 +07 % 2 +04 +07 % +04 +07 % 3 +04 +07 % +04 +07 % Tower Lateral System The structural system of Greenland Center Main Tower has been carefully developed to harmonize with the architecture as an integrated w hole, to maximize efficiency and to enhance safety. The central “Y” plan concrete core extends in plan from the tower center to its far ends at lower zones, and sets back twice at Levels 70 and 91. The core was organized to provide multiple benefits across different disciplines: separating office, hotel and apartment operational functions, providing significant structural stiffness and strength for the tower to resist lateral and gravity loads, and acmodating the mechanical system floor and riser space requirements. To maximize the structural stiffness given by a “Y” shape plan, a pair of massive super columns (SC1) is located at the tip of each tower wing. Two additional super columns (SC2) are spaced at approximately。