外文翻译--双轴太阳跟踪器的设计与实现光学传感器基于单电机的光伏系统(编辑修改稿)

外文翻译--双轴太阳跟踪器的设计与实现光学传感器基于单电机的光伏系统(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

they can be classified as either openloop tracking types based on solar movement mathematical models or closedloop tracking types using sensorbased feedback controllers [3– 5]. In the openloop tracking approach, a tracking formula or control algorithm is to the literature [6– 10], the azimuth and the elevation angles of the Sun were determined by solar movement models or algorithms at the given date, time and geographical information. The control algorithms were executed in a microprocessor controller [11,12]. In the closedloop tracking approach, various active sensor devices, such as charge couple devices (CCDs) [13– 15] or light dependent resistors (LDRs) [12,16– 19] were utilized to sense the Sun’s position and a feedback error signal was then generated to the control system to continuously receive the maximum solar radiation on the PV panel. This paper proposes an empirical research approach on this issue. Solar tracking approaches can be implemented by using singleaxis schemes [12,19– 21], and dualaxis structures for higher accuracy systems [16– 18,22– 27]. In general, the singleaxis tracker with one degree of freedom follows the Sun’ s movement from the east to west during a day while a dualaxis tracker also follows the elevation angle of the Sun. In recent years, there has been a growing volume of research concerned with dualaxis solar tracking systems. However, in the existing research, most of them used two stepper motors [22,23] or two DC motors [16,17,24,25] to perform dualaxis solar tracking. With two tracking motors designs, two motors were mounted on perpendicular axes, and even aligned them in certain directions. In some cases, both motors could not move at the same time [5].Furthermore, such systems always involve plex tracking strategies using microprocessor chips as a control platform. In this work, employing a dualaxis with only single tracking motor, an attempt has been made to develop and implement a simple and efficient control scheme. The two axes of the Sun tracker were allowed to move simultaneously within their respective ranges. Utilizing conventional electronic circuits, no programming or puter interface was needed. Moreover, the proposed system used a standalone PV inverter to drive motor and provide power supply. The system was selfcontained and autonomous. Experiment results have demonstrated the feasibility of the tracking PV system and verified the advantages of the proposed control implementation. The remainder of the article is organized in the following manner: Section 2 describes the tracking strategies of the developed closedloop solar tracking system in which a sensorbased feedback controller is used. The detailed architecture of the Sun tracker hardware is proposed in Section 3. In Section 4, a scaleddown laboratory prototype is built and tested. Finally, the main conclusions of this work are drawn in Section 5. 2. Developed ClosedLoop Solar Tracking System The block diagram of the developed closedloop solar tracking system is illustrated in Figure 1, describing the position and interconnection of the system. For the closedloop tracking approach, the solar tracking problem is how to cause the PV panel location (output) to follow the sunlight location (input) as closely as possible. The sensorbased feedback controller consists of the LDR sensor, differential amplifier, and parator. In the tracking operation, the LDR sensor measures the sunlight intensity as a reference input signal. The unbalance in voltages generated by the LDR sensor is amplified and then generates a feedback error voltage. The error voltage is proportional to the difference between the sunlight locatio。