土的性质外文翻译(编辑修改稿)

土的性质外文翻译(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

y (or Low pressive) layers are often embedding in low bearing capacity and vice versa. These different layers of soil will cause the problems as follows: （ 1） Longterm settlement if there are weak layers (existed). （ 2） Differential settlement of buildings (superstructure) due to the layers39。 thickness change in horizontal direction. （ 3） Landslide along a thin and weak layer (such as clay or silt) when deep excavating for foundation. It is emphasized that the weak layers of soil will be carefully studied in the building site for a successful foundation design. (Homogeneousness) Absolutely, soils are nonhomogeneities materials that are different in deformation and strength in all directions. The nonhomogeneities characteristics of soil are caused by not only the variation of deposit conditions, but also the effect of stress history. With a very large variations in size and shape, most of which are sharpedged belonging to the former, while deepgoing fissures and cracks are the latter. In engineering investigation of a soil mass, we should pay attention to the local nonhomogeneities such as lenses of highly pressible soils embedded in the formations that are of particular danger and often cause detrimental and big differential settlement of buildings. Soil Configuration Singlegrained Structure The primary structure for a coarsegrained soil is typically singlegrained one. The loose configuration shown in Fig. 15 (a) typically takes place in an active water environment such as beach sand or river gravel. But the dense soils as shown in Fig. 15 (b) are typically originated in a quiet water environment. The soil with singlegrained structure may serve as a natural foundation soil. Honeyb Structure For the very fine sand or silt soil, the grain arrangement looks like the honeybs of a bee, in term of honeyb configuration similar to that shown in Fig. 16. T。