土木工程外文翻译--软土地基上分期施工的路堤沉降预测方法-建筑结构(编辑修改稿)

土木工程外文翻译--软土地基上分期施工的路堤沉降预测方法-建筑结构(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

ground surface , ),( zt =T= (t , z=0) . If t = 0 , ),( zt = (t=0 , z=0) = e = initial elastic strain. Therefore , S(t=0)=S0 gives the immediate settlement Se , which can also be estimated from the elastic method by the equation : It is clearly shown that the Asaoka method has been extended to predict the settlement of embankments with stage construction. In other words , the behavior of next stage construction can be predicted with the 0 , 1 from the last stage construction. The more the previous stages with settlement measurement , the higher the accuracy of next stage prediction. The stage observational method includes following steps : (1) Sketch observed time settlement curve . (2) Choose a time interval t , which usually ranges from 10 to 100 days , read the settlements Sj from the curve at times t j ( =  t j , j = 1 ,2 ,3, …). (3) Plot the settlements Sj , Sj1 in a coordinate system with axis Sj , Sj1 originated from 0. (4) Fit the plotted points by a straight line , of which corresponding slope is read as 1 . The intercept at the Sj axis gives 0 , while the point of intersection with the 45o line , gives the final consolidation settlement of the first stage. (5) From the 0 of the first stage construction to determine the undrained modulus Eu by inverse analysis (10) . (6) Determine the next stage construction settlement with the above known Eu (10) , thus resulting in the shift distance of line. (7) Assume the CV remains constant during stage construction and settlement is small pared with the thickness of soft soils , this makes the line of next stage construction parallel to the first stage with the slope 1 . (8) Predicting the final settlement of next stage construction from the intersection of the shifted line with the 45o line. (9) Estimate the Ch and CV from the value of 1 with the equation (5) or (6) . 3. Case study 3. 1 Site and project description Section A of Lianxu highway is a 31 km long high standard expressway connecting the port city Lianyugang to the national highway system of China. It was began to construction from Dec. 1999. There are 104 bridges or culverts or passways in this 31 km long section designed to connect embankments . The bottom width of the embankment is 40 m , while the height of embankment changes from 3 to 7 m. Based on the design code , the differential settlements between embankments and structures have to be controlled less than 10 cm. Post construction settlements of embankments have to be less than 30 cm during the post construction period of 15 years . It is clear that the magnitude and rates of the embankment settlements are the extremely important problem to make the project reliable and economical . 3. 2 Subsurface conditions The section A of Lianxu highway passes over the marine deposit plain. The typical subsoil profile consists of 0 to 3m think upper crust of stiff clay underlain by a to 13m thick soft clay ,which is named Jiangsu Marine clay. Blow this soft clay , lies alternating layers of stiff clay and dense sand extending to badrock with the varied thickness of 10 to 20m. 3. 3 Soil improvement and embankment construction Dry Jet Mixing and stage construction with sand blanket have been designed to reduce the total settlement and post construction settlement . The embankment filled with residual clay from Dec. 1999. After the first stage construction of ～ m high , about 6 months were left along for soil consolidation. The settlements are observed regularly by settlement plates . During the period of the first stage consolidation , some observational settlements are found to be larger than the corresponding designed total settlement . It is necessary to repredict the behavior of the embankments based on the settlement observational results of the first stage construction , in order to modify the original design and make the reliable decision for next stage construction. 3. 4 Pred。