办公楼地源热泵空调设计外文翻译(编辑修改稿)

办公楼地源热泵空调设计外文翻译(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

floor is preferable, since heat radiation from a ceiling surface to occupants in a room is undesirable. In both instances the presence of a thermal storage mass, such as the concrete floor slab, is necessary to house the piping. The pipes are distributed in a pattern of meandering tracks and need to be coordinated with the steel reinforcing in the concrete slab and possibly with electrical conduit and wiring. The underside of the concrete slabs is exposed to the floor space below and acts similar to the cold water circulating through the pipes as a heat sink for the warm air in the room, thereby replacing the air in the traditional forced air system. Taking advantage of the storage capacity o f the concrete provides the opportunity to shift the building peak load away from the utility grid peak. This translates into substantial energy savings in the building, as water is about three times more efficient than air as a heat transfer medium. In the case of the Brose building our current conservative estimate predicts energy savings of 10% over the traditional forced air system. Other radiant cooling systems place the cooled piping grid into a panel, which is suspended from the structural slab, thus eliminating the need for a concrete slab and the more laborious integration involved. Those panels are usually built from aluminum panels, with metal tubes connected to the rear of the panel. An alternative is to build a sandwich system, in which the water flow paths are included between two aluminum panels. It is important to point out the all panel systems are unable to take advantage of thermal mass due to the absence of embedded piping in a structural concrete slab, yet open opportunities for a more flexible solution of acoustical and electrical lighting requirements. Embedded capillary tubes, embedded in concrete slabs only takes fully advantage of thermal storage capabilities of the respective mass if these masses are exposed to surrounding thermal ambient air conditions. Cooling grids can also be imbedded in plaster, gypsum board, or mounted on ceiling panels. These systems provide an even surface temperature distribution. Due to the fact that plastic tubing for hydronic heating and cooling is flexible。 its placement has only to pay attention to structural conditions (. density and placement of reinforcement steel), namely near columns in concrete, castinplace flatslab applications. The major benefit is that the ventilation systems and their duct work need only about 20% of the space requirements of conventional HVAC systems, reducing cost. Currently research is done to a explore the opportunities of bining the radiant cooling/heating piping with the sprinkler system which might reduce the initial cost (due to reduced floor height and savings in pipe grids) even further. Because of the hydronic energy transport, this cooling system has a potential to interact with thermal energy storage systems and looped heat pump systems. Hydronic radiant cooling has been applied in the ., but it never reached significant market peration. Together with efficient ventilation systems and humidity control, the hydronic radiant cooling system provides advantages over conventional HVAC systems that are worth considering during building design. The Brose Integrated Hydronic Design What appears to be today‟s stateofthe art heating and cooling system technology was in fact used in largescale applications in the . as early as 1960. A highrise office building located at the west bank of Lake Merrit in downtown Oakland for example used a radiant hyd。