关于稀土的毕业论文外文翻译--中国的稀土产业：西方能学到什么？(编辑修改稿)

关于稀土的毕业论文外文翻译--中国的稀土产业：西方能学到什么？(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

58, when Baotou Iron and Steel Works began their mining operations, 250 million tons of ore had been mined at the main and eastern ore bodies, leaving a remaining ore volume of 350 million tons. At the rate that China was mining – 10 million tons of ore per year –Xu estimated that the main and eastern ore bodies would be pletely depleted within 35 years. With so much emphasis placed on the importance of rare earth elements in modern day technology, maintaining strict control over this resource will help to propel China into a position of greater political, economic, and military power. Prior to 2020, according to Dai Xu, an expert on military issues, “China had been selling these precious rareearth metals at a dirtcheap price for 20 years.”This has both been stripping the country of one of its most important strategic resources and damaging the environment. In an effort to try to protect its resources, the Chinese government has been clamping down on its domestic industry in several ways, including: restricting export quotas on rare earth elements。 closing down smaller and illegal rare earth operations and consolidating larger ones in an effort to gain more control。 trying to put into place increased environmental laws regulating rare earth mining。 and stockpiling. Much of the developed world regards these measures as threatening. Restricting export quotas Of most concern to the international munity, China has been restricting export quotas in order to have enough resources for its own industries and to regain control over its domestic operations. China currently restricts export quotas on dysprosium, terbium, thulium, lutetium, yttrium, and the heavy and scarcer rare earths. This reduction of export quotas has pushed up the international price of key rare earths, including neodymium which is so critical for the neodymiumironboron permanent mags. The Ministry of Land and Resources implemented a regulation stating that the 2020 export quota for rare earth ores would be set at 82,320 tons, 72,300 of which are light rare earth elements, the remaining 10,020 tons being heavy rare earth elements. These numbers were based on “controls of the total amount of extraction for” rare earth ore for 2020 and forecasts for market factors in 2020. More cuts are expected in the future. Of course, this brings about a new fear. China‟s control over rare earth elements has the potential to increase foreign dependence on China for finished goods. China has adopted various policies to further develop the rare earth industry at its roots. China‟s vision is to increase industrial utilization of rare earth elements in order to draw in more rare earth enterprises, both within and outside of China, to set up operations in Inner Mongolia in the area of rare earth applications. Zhao Shuanglian pointed out that Inner Mongolia wanted to control its rare earth resources so that it could bee a major industrial base. Zhao also expressed an interest in attracting more domestic and international interest in Inner Mongolia to develop the rare earth industry. This is an ideal scenario for China because it will give the country plete control over the industry and provide more job opportunities for Chinese citizens in the manufacturing industry. However, for those countries forced to move their production bases to China due to their dependence on rare earth elements, jobs are lost and, perhaps more critical to national security, proprietary and even critical technologies will likely be promised. Closing smaller operations and consolidating larger ones to gain more control China is striving to cut back and consolidate the industry to gain more control over it. It is achieving this by closing down smaller, illegal operations and consolidating and merging larger producers. These steps will ultimately put plete control over Chinese rare earth elements into the government‟s hands, which will pletely restrict any type of private enterprise exchange. China‟s rare earth resources are widely distributed across 22 provinces and regions throughout the country. Because of the scattered distribution of rare earth resources, it is difficult to carry out efficient oversight of the industry. According to one source, a revised draft of the 20202020 Plans for Developing the Rare Earth Industry will simplify management of China‟s rare earth resources by “designating large districts.” The new plan will divide China‟s industry into three large districts – south, north, and west. The southern district is Jiangxi, Guangdong, Fujian, Hunan, and Guangxi。 the northern district is Inner Mongolia and Shandong。 and the western district is Sichuan. From 2020 to 2020, light rare earths will be the item of focus in Inner Mongolia and Sichuan, with some development in Shandong as needed. Medium and heavy rare earth mining will be the focus in Jiangxi, Guangdong, and Fujian. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology will oversee the industry by creating an expert examination system for rare earth extraction. The system will include impromptu onsite visits and inspections to ensure national directive plans are being implemented and executed. On 10 December 2020, Baotou Steel Rare Earth set up the Inner Mongolia Baotou Ste。