住房政策的外文翻译--住房政策是福利和经济发展的链接(编辑修改稿)

住房政策的外文翻译--住房政策是福利和经济发展的链接(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

orts to improve housing quality within and outside designated urban renewal areas. As increasing numbers of households faced rapidly inflating housing costs, many shifted their aspirations to homeownership – which had been low in several countries, notably the Netherlands, Switzerland and Germany. France and Britain were the first to embark upon the task of overhauling their housing systems. Eventually, even Sweden and the Netherlands – the most stalwart of the welfare states – were drawn into the fold. Nowadays, the housing policies of the latter two states are more market oriented that at any time since 1945. In spite of the quantitative thrust of housing policies during the past fiftyyears, European governments have continuously sought to improve housing quality, either for narrowly defined target groups or for the population at large. Any links between housing policies and economic cycles took the form of adjustments made in the housing programs to keep up with changes in national economic conditions. Obviously, the impetus for adjusting the housing policies came from policy decisions concerning the national budget. It should e as no surprise that during the past decade, housing policies have once more been finetuned. States have had to take proactive measures in the context of European moary integration, which gave the size of the national debt so much political weight. Yet, at lower levels of policymaking, there is another economic dimension of housing. There are clear signs that local and regional governments turn increasingly to housing as leverage in their petition for economic growth. This is a response to fundamental changes in the world economy. Each firm has been changed – directly or indirectly – from a predominantly local establishment into a cog in the global machinery. The new economy is redefining the role of housing. Individually, each house still serves the basic functions of providing shelter, privacy, access to work, a base for social contacts, and a bundle of facilities and services for its occupants. But as a whole, the housing stock is now also rapidly being transformed into an essential ponent of the petitive advantage of place. The regulatory environment of the economy seems to be changing in another way too: the roles of the private and the public sectors are shifting. With respect to location decisions, local governments used to prepare infrastructure and develop a stock of business estates in the expectation that some firms would eventually choose to establish premises there. At the same time, entrepreneurs invested heavily in scouting for an appropriate site. But because so many local governments have bee active in the petition for local development, some firms now adopt a passive approach. They adve。