20xx年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题(编辑修改稿)

20xx年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

[B] The stock market shows signs of recovery. [C] Such a slowdown usually precedes a boom. [D] The purchasing power would be enhanced. 55. To which of the following is the author likely to agree? [A] A new boom, on the horizon. [B] Tighten the belt, the single remedy. [C] Caution all right, panic not. [D] The more ventures, the more chances. Text 4 Americans today don‟t place a very high value on intellect. Our heroes are athletes, entertainers, and entrepreneurs, not scholars. Even our schools are where we send our children to get a practical education — not to pursue knowledge for the sake of knowledge. Symptoms of pervasive antiintellectualism in our schools aren‟t difficult to find. “Schools have always been in a society where practical is more important than intellectual,” says education writer Diane Ravitch. “Schools could be a counterbalance.” Ravitch‟s latest book, Left Back: A Century of Failed School Reforms, traces the roots of antiintellectualism in our schools, concluding they are anything but a counterbalance to the American distaste for intellectual pursuits. But they could and should be. Encouraging kids to reject the life of the mind leaves them vulnerable to exploitation and control. Without the ability to think critically, to defend their ideas 走进文都信达，踏上成功之路 咨询电话 01066215567 走 文都信达考研 —中国考研卫星远程第一品牌 5 and understand the ideas of others, they cannot fully participate in our democracy. Continuing along this path, says writer Earl Shorris, “We will bee a secondrate country. We will have a less civil society.” “Intellect is resented as a form of power or privilege,” writes historian and professor Richard Hofstadter in AntiIntellectualism in American Life, a PulitzerPrize winning book on the roots of antiintellectualism in US politics, religion, and education. From the beginning of our history, says Hofstadter, our democratic and populist urges have driven us to reject anything that smells of elitism. Practicality, mon sense, and native intelligence have been considered more noble qualities than anything you could learn from a book. Ralph Waldo Emerson and other Transcendentalist philosophers thought schooling and rigorous book learning put unnatural restraints on children: “We are shut up in schools and college recitation rooms for 10 or 15 years and e out at last with a bellyful of words and do not know a thing.” Mark Twain‟s Huckleberry Finn exemplified American antiintellectualism. Its hero avoids being civilized — going to school and learning to read — so he can preserve his innate goodness. Intellect, according to Hosfstadter, is different from native intelligence, a quality we reluctantly admire. Intellect is the critical, creative, and contemplative side of the mind. Intelligence seeks to grasp, manipulate, reorder, and adjust, while intellect examines, ponders, wonders, theorizes, criticizes, and imagines. School remains a place where intellect is mistrusted. Hofstadter says our country‟s educational system is in the grips of people who “joyfully and militantly proclaim their hostility to intellect and their eagerness to identify with children who show the least intellectual promise.” 56. What do American parents expect their children to acquire in school? [A] The habit of thinking independently. [B] Profound knowledge of the world. [C] Practical abilities for future career. [D] The confidence in intellectual pursuits. 57. We can learn from the text that Americans have a history of [A] undervaluing intellect. [B] favoring intellectualism. [C] supporting school reform. [D] suppressing native intelligence. 58. The views of Ravitch and Emerson on schooling are [A] identical. [B] similar. [C] plementary [D] opposite. 59. Emerson, according to the text, is probably [A] a pioneer of education reform. [B] an opponent of intellectualism. [C] a scholar in favor of intellect. [D] an advocate of regular schooling. 60. What does the author think of intellect? [A] It is second to intelligence. [B] It evolves from mon sense. [C] It is to be pursued. [D] It underlies power. 2020年考研试题 Section Ⅲ Reading Comprehension Part A Directions: 走进文都信达，踏上成功之路 咨询电话 01066215567 走 文都信达考研 —中国考研卫星远程第一品牌 6 Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points) Text 1 Wild Bill Donovan would have loved the Inter. The American spymaster who built the Office of Strategic Services in World War Ⅱ and later laid the roots for the CIA was fascinated with information. Donovan believed in using whatever tools came to hand in the “great game” of espionage — spying as a “profession.” These days the Net, which has already remade such everyday pastimes as buying books and sending mail, is reshaping Donovan‟s vocation as well. The latest revolution isn‟t simply a matter of gentlemen reading other gentlemen‟s . That kind of electronic spying has been going on for decades. In the past three or four years, the World Wide Web has given birth to a whole industry of pointandclick spying. The spooks call it “opensource intelligence”, and as the Net grows, it is being increasingly influential. In 1995 the CIA held a contest to see who could pile the most data about Burundi. The winner, by a large margin, was a tiny Virginia pany called Open Source Solutions, whose clear advantage was its mastery of the electronic world. Among the firms makin。