text1∶fromcompetencetocommitment(编辑修改稿)

text1∶fromcompetencetocommitment(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

ed. || We live in a narrowed world where we must be alert, awake to realism。 and realism demands a standard, which either must be met, or result in failure. || These are hard words, but they are brutally true. If we deprive our children of the right to fail we deprive them of their knowledge of the world as it is. Translate the following Chinese into English: 1. 当今的大学生，尽管他们努力希望使自己成才，但对末来还是很模糊的。 (establish oneself) ，就不能实现他的自我价值。 所以，理想的本科教育必须使用使学生超越自我。 （ transcend） 3. 我们强烈希望在大学所学到的知识在今后的工作中能起到重要的作用。 （ reveal oneself） 4. 四年的本科学习班是走向成功生活的唯一道路，这种说法是无法接受的。 (go unchallenged) ，如果只是相信所谓专家的意见而不相信自己，不根据调查的结果、不根 据数据、那是冒险。 （ run the risk of。 blind faith in） ，他们能团结一致相互学习，积极参加四化建设。 （ band together。 participate in） ，它培养出平的学生不仅要有扎实的基础和熟练的专业技能，还要有奉献精神。 （ be to endure。 mit oneself） 8. 如果大学生对考试过于投入就可能把能力与奉献放到次要的地位，这样说一点也不过分。 (push to the fringes) 9. 我甚至没有跟他说话，当然更不用说与他讨论有关你们学校的改建的问题。 (much less) 10. 有人认为考试是很重要的，但也有人认为考试有不少弊端。 所以考试留下了一个未能解决的问题 考试对教育有什么影响。 （ open question) 1. petence n. = being able to do sth well, ability 能力 / have petence for /as /in sth || have petence in doing sth || petence to do sth .: The mittee has no actual petence in criminal matters. / No one doubts her petence as a teacher. / No one doubts her petence in solving the problem. // petent adj. petent as /at / in sth || petent to do sth . She is not petent to look after young children / He is a highly petent driver. 2. mitment (to sth or to do sth ) n. [C] the hard work and loyalty that sb. gives to an anization activity 承担的义务 , 承诺： mitment to sth || mitment to do sth .: We must honour our mitments to small nations. / He has taken on too many mitments. / We made a mitment to pay our bills on time. 3. Ernest Boyer: a former Commissioner of Education in USA. In the article, Ernest Boyer discusses a lot of problems about higher education in the US and he also tells us how to solve these problems Ernest Boyer is sure that undergraduate education can make a difference in the intellectual and personal lives of its students. adj. = 意义含糊的 , 有歧义的， .: He kept making ambiguous remarks instead of straightforward yesorno replies. || ambiguousness n. / ambiguity n. 5. devote oneself/ sth to:= 为某人、某事（付出时间、精力等） .: devote ourselves to our study. Here to is a preposition. Pay attention to the following prepositional to: acceptable to / according to / accustomed to / adequate to / adjust to / admit to / approach to / attach to / pay attention to / attribute to / belong to / close to / contrary to contribute to / devote to / due to / equal to / exception to / inferior to / look forward to / married to / native to / necessary to / next to / opposed to / preferable to / prior to / refer to / related to / relevant to / solution to / stick to / subject to / take to / thanks to || Pay attention to the phrase be devoted to sth/ sb, in which devoted is an adjective meaning loving or loyal. 6. establish themselves (in sth /as sth)= place sb/oneself in a position, office, etc, usu. on a permanent basis. 使某人任职，使某人成为，安顿 .: He has established himself as the leading candidate in the election. / He has now fortably established in his new house. / The manager established (安排 ) his relatives in the best jobs. 7. admitted to (to is a preposition): confess。 recognize or acknowledge sth as true, often reluctantly: 承认、坦白 .: He admitted to the murder. / He admitted to having taken the money. / The Vice President admitted to taking bribes. / A quarter of workers admitted to taking time off when they were not ill. // . admit of: make it possible for sth., to happen or to be true 留有 ...的余地 .: The price quoted will not admit of any allowance. / His conduct admits of no plain. / The word admits of no other meaning in this case. are torn by idealism of service on the one hand, and on the other, the temptation of retreat into a world that never rises above selfinterest = Ideally, they would like jobs which serve other people, but on the other hand they are also attracted by careers which will serve their own interest. // be torn by： be tortured and puzzle by .: There are still quite a few nations torn by civil war or riots. / The party was torn by two factions. // It may also means: feel very worried, guilty, anxious, etc. because one is affected by a strong emotion or feeling.（感 情上）感到担心、内疚、焦虑 .: I was torn by conflicting impulses. / Her heart was torn by anxiety. || rise above 超出 ...之上，克服（缺点、困难 )： succeed in what you are doing without being affected by it .: Mate raised above all the trouble at home and did well in her classes. / Mike had risen above his limiting social position and made it as a successful businessman. / A woman who can rise above such disadvantages is clearly exceptional experience = undergraduate education 10. Reinhold Niebuhr: An American theologian （神学家） (18921971) 11. Man cannot behold except he be mitted. = People cannot realize their own potential unless they devote themselves to society. // behold (old use)= see, realize // except = unless .: Except a man be born again, he cannot see the Kingdom of God. 12. the idealism of the undergraduate experience = the perfect or ideal collegiate education (As undergraduates, students often have views which are idealistic and perhaps not very practical.) 13. hardedged adj. = tough n. = uprightness, honesty, being unprejudiced 诚实、正直 15. civility n. [C], [U] = politeness 礼貌 // .: civil adj. 公民的、文职的 .: civil law, civil right / the Civil Service 行政机关、公务员 .: She works in the Civil Service. / civic adj. 市镇的、公民身份的 .: civic responsibility / civilian n. [C] 老百姓 .: Two civilians were killed in the explosion. / civilize vt. 使（某人、某物文。