lesson1anotherschoolyear---whatfor？wordstudy1(编辑修改稿)

lesson1anotherschoolyear---whatfor？wordstudy1(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

or movement Examples: The child started at the loud noise. to start at the mere rustle of leaves in the wind He sat up with a start. 12. sail v. a. (of a woman) to walk elegantly and gracefully b. to move swiftly, smoothly, or effortlessly Examples: The duchess sailed into the room. He sailed through the examination. 13. serve v. a. to prepare and offer (food) b. to spend or plete (time) c. to fight or undergo military service for d. to be of service or use。 to function Examples: to serve tea He has served four terms in Congress. The woman served her country for five years in the navy. Now the examination score serves as the only criterion for a student’s academic performance. 14. see v. to be the time when/the place where an event happens。 to witness Examples: The light of another day still saw no end to the storm. The 20th century saw many changes. The house saw many important meetings in the country’s history. II. Phrases and Expressions 1. with a star to move one’s body quickly and suddenly because one is surprised, afraid, etc. Example: But something caused me to wake up with a start. 2. for the best best for the long run though sth. appears bad or unpleasant Examples: His parents didn’t want him to work in London, but they knew it was perhaps for the best. They had to sell their car, but since they are both without a job, it’s probably for the best. 3. only to… used to mention sth. that happens immediately afterwards, esp. sth. that causes surprise, disappointment, etc. Examples: He went to see her only to find the door was locked. He returned after the war, only to be told that his wife had left him. I tried to travel west but only to hit the creek again. cf. only too: very … but I knew only too well there should have been no creek there. I shall be only too pleased to do my best in that line of work. 4. blow itself out (of a storm) to lose force or cease entirely Example: The weather forecast says that the storm will soon blow itself out and move out to sea. 5. work one’s way to move with great difficulty edge one’s way 挤过去 elbow one’s way 挤着向前走 feel one’s way 摸索着向前走 fight one’s way 奋斗着前进 , 打开一条出路 find one’s way 设法到达 shoulder one’s way 挤 (出去 ), 冲 (出去 ) squeeze one’s way 挤 (出去 ), 冲 (出去 ) plough one’s way 艰难费力地前进 , 开拓前进 work one’s way 挤出一条路。 排除困难 , 艰 辛前进 worm one’s way (through) 慢慢前进 • 6. take one’s toll on… • to have a bad effect on sb./sth. Examples: Years of hard work and anxiety have taken their toll on his health. The destruction of the World Trade Center in New York is taking its toll on US airlines. 7. e into focus If your eyes, a camera, a telescope or other instruments e or es into focus, the edges of what you see are clear and sharp. Example: Before you shoot a photograph, you should adjust the camera so that it es into focus. III. Word Building adjectives • 1. Compound adjectives: n.+ ed moonflooded cabin 撒满月色的小屋 snowfilled creek bed 被白雪覆盖的河床 bloodsoaked bandage 浸透血的绷带 thunderstruck crowd 惊愕的群众 suntanned arms 被太阳晒黑的胳膊 winddriven generator 风力发电机 cloudcapped tower 高耸入云的塔 2. Words used both as verbs and nouns Night fell quickly. a bar serving whiskey that had been watered You should not have risked the confrontation with the government. The storm hit without warning. The surgeon bandaged up his injured head. Waste of food is wicked. All his efforts were wasted. I wanted to raise a question to the chairman but in a moment I lost my nerve. The boss gave him a raise. “The town’s big shots were… wolfing down the buffet.” IV. Grammar Infinitive Grammatical function: subject object attributive modifier adverbial of purpose adverbial of result • I tried to tell myself it was all for the best, but it was hard to lose my brother. Infinitive as subject My grandfather finally agreed to let me keep him. Infinitive as object Ah, that was the true joy of life, the ability to love! • Infinitive as attributive modifier They lifted a rock only to drop it on their own feet. Infinitive as adverbial of result • He put the covers over his head to silence his quick breathing. Infinitive as adverbial of purpose Lesson 3 More Crime and Less Punishment I. Word Study 1. approval for sb.’s approval 求某人指正 give one’s approval to 批准 present sth. to sb. for approval 把某事提交某人批准 submit sth. to sb. for approval 把某事提交某人批准 with/without approval of 经 /未经 的批准 Examples: Her father will never approve of her marriage to you. Congress approved the budget. The mayoress approved the new building plans. 2. mit v. a. to do, perform, or perpetrate b. to make known the views of (oneself) on an issue c. to consign for future use or reference or for preservation Examples: to mit a crime/an error Chairman refused to mit himself on the controversial subject before making due investigations. I mitted the sonata to memory. 3. convict v. to find or prove (someone) guilty of an offense or crime, especially by the verdict of a court Examples: The jury convicted the defendant of manslaughter. He was convicted of murder. 4. deter v. to prevent or discourage from acting, as by means of fear or doubt Examples: Does negotiated disarmament deter war? Failure did not deter us from trying it again. 5. dismiss v. a. to end the employment or service of。 to disc。