thebalancesheetandnotestothefinancialstatements(编辑修改稿)

thebalancesheetandnotestothefinancialstatements(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

paid or otherwise satisfied within 12 months are classified as noncurrent liabilities. Noncurrent Liabilities 334 • Longterm debt is reported at its discounted present value. • When a note, bond issue, or a mortgage bees payable within a year, it should be reclassified as a current liability. • For a capital lease, the present value of the future minimum payments is recorded as a longterm liability. • Most large panies include deferred ine tax liabilities on the balance sheet. Noncurrent Liabilities 335 Contingent Liabilities • Past activities or circumstances may give rise to possible future liabilities, although obligations do not exist on the balance sheet date. These potential claims that involve uncertainty as to possible losses are known as contingent liabilities • An estimated liability is a definite obligation with only the amount in question and subject to estimation on the balance sheet date. 336 Owners’ Equity • Can also be called stockholders’ or shareholders’ equity. • Generally divided into two parts:  Contributed capital (also known as paidincapital)  Retained earnings 337 Contributed Capital Two parts of contributed capital: 1. Capital stock—the number of shares  the par value a. Preferred stock—usually pays a fixed annual cash dividend and provides rights to recover investment in case of bankruptcy b. Common stock—provides real ownership of the corporation and grants voting power, but holders are last in line for assets in case of bankruptcy 2. Additional paidin capital—investment by shareholders in excess of par value of capital stock 338 Retained Earnings • Retained earnings (RE)—the amount of undistributed earnings of past periods • RE deficit— an excess of dividends and losses over earnings results in a negative retained earnings balance • Sometimes, retained earnings is restricted and unavailable for cash dividends. 339 340 Treasury Stock • When a pany buys back its own shares, accountants call the repurchased shares treasury stock. • Treasury shares can be retired, or they can be retained and reissued later. 341 AvailableforSale Securities • Availableforsale securities are those that were not purchased with the immediate intention to resell, but are not meant to be held permanently. • These securities are reported in the balance sheet at their current market value. 342 Foreign Currency Transaction Adjustments Foreign currency transaction adjustments arise from the change in the equity of foreign subsidiaries that occurs during the year as a result of changes in foreign currency exchange rates. 343 Unrealized Gains and Losses on Derivatives A derivative is a financial instrument, such as an option or。