20xx年09月上海市中级口译第一阶段考试真题(编辑修改稿)

20xx年09月上海市中级口译第一阶段考试真题(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

involved in inducing lung cancer in both lab rats and smokers. We were somewhat surprised by the immediacy of the effect and the fact that we could measure the average hourly increase, says Michael Stark, the lead author of the study and a principal investigator at the Mulmomah County Health Department in Oregon. The authors are confident that the increases in NNK in the workers they tested most likely came from their exposure to smoke— the study included a control group of similar subjects in restaurants where no smoking was allowed. There is experimental evidence from studies where you put nonsmokers in a room, blow smoke into the room and measure their artery function, that you see the platelets get sticky, which can cause clots and lead to a heart attack, and the ability of the arteries to dilate decreases very rapidly, says Dr. Matthew McKenna, director of the office on smoking and public health for the Centers for Disease Control. All of which could mean more time loitering outside buildings and in alleyways for smokers intent on grabbing a puff. Thirteen states now prohibit smoking in restaurants altogether (most of these include bars as well) , and while 11 states still put no restrictions on lighting up, individual cities within those states— such as Austin in Texas, for example— have passed legislation banning smoking in eating establishments and other public areas. It39。 s just getting harder to refute the scientific evidence。 in a study done in Scotland several months after that nation instituted a ban on smoking in public places, researchers found that following the ban, bar patrons showed stronger lung capacity and reduced levels of inflammation (a red flag for a number of chronic diseases, including heart disease and asthma) . ‘We made it pretty clear that the science on this is pretty irrefutable,’ says McKenna. And if smokers have fewer places to smoke, that message may finally get heard. to the passage, the scientists carried out their researches on _______. (A) smokers from different parts of the world (B) smokers from different states in the United States (C) actors and actresses who smoke a lot (D) wait staff and bartenders is usually considered to be one of the direct causes of _______. (A) asthma (B) lung cancer (C) heart attacks (D) high blood pressure , according to the passage, makes the research conducted by the scientists at the Oregon Department of Health so unique? (A) The fact that the scientists managed to measure the average hourly increase of NNK. (B) The fact that the scientists succeeded in making more people realize the harm of smoking. (C) The fact that the scientists did a lot of experiments on smokers in public areas. (D) The fact that the scientists discovered NNK, a carcinogen in cigarette smoke. is used in Paragraph 4, the phrase a control group refers to _______. (A) people working at the Oregon Department of Health (B) people investigating at the Mulmonah County Health Department in Oregon (C) people serving as a standard of parison for checking test results (D) people involved in passing legislation banning smoking in eating establishments many states in the United States have banned smoking in restaurants? (A) 12. (B) 13. (C) 14. (D) 15. Questions 610 In its everyday life, Italy is very much the man39。 s world. However, because of the Italian39。 s understanding of foreigners, the woman tourist is able to invade many of the male places that are prohibited to Italian women. These places include the caffe and the wine shop. In the large cities the caffe is a bination of club and office. Here, for the price of a coffee, an Italian can read all the newspapers brought to him. And he can transact business, with the waiter producing pen, ink, and stamps as needed. Or if he wants, he can sit outside under a canvas covering before the door and enjoy the sight of beautiful women passing by. The wine shop, as a rule, is a more vigorous place than the caffe, and is filled almost exclusively with men. Wandering singers, generally in groups of two or three, add to the noise of these places with their songs and music. Many of the songs are of a political character and make fun of the leading statesmen of Italy, America, England, France, and Russia. But the songs are generally showing off a spirit of mischief. And when the criticism is about America, the American tourists find themselves laughing as much as anyone else. The Italian is a master at making fun of you and making you like it. The Italian men are deeprooted gamblers. They have been brought up to it as children, but they are cautious gamblers and never go too much in it. The national lottery used to be one of the most popular forms of gambling. But later a football stake had taken away much of the interest in the lottery. But here the important thing is that gambling, the same as drinking, seldom goes to an Italian39。 s head and his bets are not really dangerous risks. Even at cards the Italian plays for low stakes, generally for a cup of coffee or wine. In this world of the Italian male it would be careless if the romanticism of the Italian were neglected. The Italian might well be described as the world39。 s greatest romanticist. From any boat in Venice to any member of the government in Rome, the Italian is always aware of romance, of love and of the importance of being a good lover. On the beaches of Italy, the visitor is aware that the Italian really lives for romance. His manners, his pliments, his charm and his general way of behaving are those of a romanticist. Almost every Italian you meet is convinced that he is another Casanova. Romance is as much a part of Italy as its art and its history. Perhaps the feeling of romance that wells up in you when you e to Italy is one of the greatest things that Italy has to offer a world t。