中油bp环境管理手册(编辑修改稿)

中油bp环境管理手册(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

ater table. Loose soils tend to absorb product like a sponge and will allow the product to migrate both sideways and down to the water table. Sand has very little resistance to control the product flow and will allow the product to go straight down and enter the water table. 能使渗露的油品的流失尽量控制在最小范围的最佳土质是不可渗透的石头和粘土 , 其次是疏松的土壤和沙粒。 当油品渗露到不可渗透的土质时，它能很大程度吸附 住这些油品，直到挥发（分解）或被清洁掉。 粘土能吸附油品而不会使其流到附近的地方或渗进地下水。 疏松的土壤好象海绵，吸收渗露出来的油品再流到周边或渗入地下水位。 沙粒基本不能阻隔渗露油品的流动，使渗漏油品直接下渗并进入地下水。 Once spilled product enters the water table it quickly migrates with the water table flow and spreads to adjoining properties. Product spills that impact the water table have the highest risk to harm human life and are the most expensive to cleanup. Petroleum products are harmful to humans especially if absorbed via drinking contaminated drinking water over a longterm period of time. Petroleum products are a known carcinogenic. 一旦渗露油品进入地下水很快就会沿着地下水位流落到各处，对人们的生活带来极大的危害而且清理费用很高。 此时油品对人的危害尤其见于饮用了长时间含有油品的水，身体就不断吸收到油品。 石油是一种众所周知的致癌物质。 8 Environmental Lifecycle Management is key to preventing environmental liabilities. Lifecycle management is the planning, guidance, care, conduct and stewardship provided during each phase of the lifecycle of a project or facility asset. 环境的使用周期管理是避免环境问题责任的关键。 使用周期管理是指对于每一个计划方案或者设备资产在每个阶段的计划，指引，照管，使用和职能。 From the point of view of environmental liabilities, there are four basic phases in the lifecycle of a project or facility: 从环境责任的角度上看，每个计划和设备的使用寿命都有四个基本的阶段：  Site Acquisition new build 收购加油站 – 新建加油站  Operations amp。 maintenance 运作以及维修  Preclosure planning and remediation 关闭前的计划及有关措施  Divestment, shut down, demissioning, or redevelopment 弃置，关闭，退役或者重新建造加油站 An Asset Lifecycle Approach to Preventing Environmental Liabilities 了了 解解 资资 产产 使使 用用 周周 期期 ， 防防 止止 环环 境境 问问 题题 责责 任任 P A R T 1 I n t r o d u c t i o n 第 一 部 分 ： 介 绍 9 Lifecycle management is the planning, guidance, care, conduct and stewardship provided during each phase of the lifecycle of a project or facility asset. 环境的使用周期管理是避免环境问题责任的关键。 使用周期管理是指对于每一个计划方案或者设备资产在每个阶段的计划，指引，照管，使用和 职能。 10 From the point of view of environmental liabilities, there are four basic phases in the lifecycle of a project or facility. Listed below are the phases with various examples of good practices that are intended to reduce the potential of creating environmental liabilities as a result of our business operations: 从环境责任的角度上看，每个计划和设备的使用寿命都有四个基本的阶段。 以下列出了在不同阶段的例子，给我们展示了在我们经营上的好的操作方式是如何减少潜在环境责任的。 or new build 收购或者新建加油站  Consideration of environmental aspects in the site location 在加油站选址上考虑到环境方面的问题  Consideration of environmental aspects in the site design 在加油站的设计上考虑到环境方面的问题  Review/oversee construction procedures for environmental risks 审查 /监督建站程序，以避免环境风险  Phytolandscapes to maximize petroleum attenuation 利用生化环境 最大限度地减少油气的影响 Phytolandscapes are the advanced remediation using the process of incorporating environmentfriendly, ornamental plants in service An Asset Lifecycle Approach to Preventing Environmental Liabilities 了了 解解 资资 产产 使使 用用 周周 期期 ， 防防 止止 环环 境境 问问 题题 责责 任任 M i n i m i z e a c q u i re d l i a b i l i t i e s。 i n c o rp o ra t e P r e v e n t i o n c a p a b i l i t y i n t o d e s i g n amp。 c o n s t ru c t i o n O p e r a t i o n s amp。 M a i n t e n a n ce P r o ce d u r e s I n t e g r i t y M g m t P r e C l o s u r e P l a n n i n g R e m e d i a t i o n P r o p e r t y R e d e v e l o p m e n t D e co m m i ss i o nB u s i n e s s P r o c e s s :A s s e t P h a s e :Ac q u i s i t i o n o r N e w Bu i l dP r e v e n t n e w o r s h r i n k / r e d u c ee x i s t i n g l i a b i l i t i e sA c t i o n :D i v e s t m e n t , Sh u t d o w n , R e d e v e l o p m e n tT r a n s fe r o r P r e v e n t f u t u re l i a b i l i t i e s S i t e S e l e ct i o n / E n t r y D e si g n amp。 C o n st r u ct i o n P r o ce d u r e sP r e v e n t N e w a n d E li m in a t e E x is t in g L i a b il it ie sO p e ra t i o n s a n d P re C l o s u re P l a n n i n gI n t r o d u c t i o n 介 绍 11 station design to mitigate the environmental impact resulting from small subsurface spills and leaks. 生化环境是最 先进的防治措施，其通过在加油站附近种植对环境有利的某些植物，利用这些植物来减弱一些轻微的地表渗漏对环境造成的影响。 amp。 maintenance 运作以及维修  Leak detection application 油气泄漏的观测申请表  Good maintenance procedures 良好的维修程序  Operator training in Prevention 对经营者在预防工作上的培训 planning and remediation 关闭前的计划及有关措施  Sites sharing water treatment facilities with groundwater remediation projects 加油站水处理设备和地下水治理方案  Regulatory negotiations 规章协商  Phytoremediation in site design 在加油站涉及上考虑到生化治理 , shut down, demissioning, or redevelopment. 弃 置，关闭，退役或者重新建造加油站  Divesting sites with environmental liabilities accepted by buyers 在出让加油站的时候，让收购者接受环境保护措施  Using controls to control future land use 采取方法来对将来的用地进行控制 o Institutional barriers—such as asphalt (to act as a barrier between the contaminated soils and humans) 技术屏障 – 例如沥青（称为隔离受污染的土地和人类之间的屏障）  Land reuse projects 土地再利用计划 o When the station is redeveloped to other uses, the facilities must not have basements (where vapors can gather) or sensitive receptor uses (which will expose vapors to humans) 当加油 站重新开发并进行其他用途的时候，新的设施不能够设计地下室（因为水蒸气会聚集）或使用感应探测器（把这些水蒸气带给人类）。 12。