食品冷链产业建设项目(编辑修改稿)

食品冷链产业建设项目(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

oducing a ki nd of ri ce that coul d feed m ore peopl e. N ow, m any years l ater, Dr Yuan has another dream : to export his ri ce so that i t can be grown around the gl boe. O ne dream i s not al ways enough, especial y for a person who loves and cares for hi s peopl e. Chemi cal or ani c farmi ng? O ver the past hal f century, usi ng chemi cal fertil i zers has vee very m on i n farmi ng. Many farm ers wel ed them as great way to stop crop di sease and i ncrease producti on. Recentl y, however, sci enti sts have been findi ng that l ongterm use of these fertil i zers can cause dam age to the land and, even m ore dangerous, to peopl e’s heal th. What are som e of the probl em s caused by chem i cal ferti li zers? Fi rst, they dam age the land by ki l i ng the helpful bacteri a and pests as wel as the harm ful ones. Chemi cals al so stay in the ground and underground water for a l onog tim e. Thi s affects crops and, therefore, anim al s and hum ans, si nce chemi cals get i nside the crops and cannot just be washed off. These chem i cal s i n the food suppl y buil d up i n peopl e’s bodi es over tim e. Many of these chemi cal s can l ead to cancer or other il lnesses. In addi ti on, frui t, vegetabl es and other food grown wi th chemi cal ferti li zers usual ly grow too fast to be ful of m uch nutri ti on. They m ay l ook beauti ful , but i nsi de there i s usual l y more water than vi tami ns and mi neral s. Wi th these discoveri es, som e farm ers and m any custom ers are begi nni ng to turn to anic farmi ng. O rgani c farm ing i s sim pl y farmi ng wi thout usi ng any chem ical s. They focus on kepi ng thei r soil ri ch and free of di sease. A heal thy soi l reduces di sease and hel ps crops grow strong and heal thy. O rgani c farm ers, therefore, often prefer usi ng natural waste from anim al s as ferti li zer. They feel that thi s m akes the soil i n their fi el ds ri cher i n m ineral s and so m ore ferti l e. Thi s also keeps the ai r, soi l, water and crops free from chemi cal s. O rgani c farm ers also use m any other m ethods to keep the soil ferti l e. They often change the knd of crop i n each fi el d every few years, for exam pl e, growi ng corn or wheat and then the next year peas or soybeans. Crops such as peas or soybeans put i mportant m inerals back i nto the soil , m aking i t ready for crops such as wheat or corn that need ri ch and fertil e soil. O rgani c farm ers also pl ant crops to use different l evels of soi l, for exam pl e, pl anti ng peanuts that use the ground’s surface fol owed by vegetabl es that put down deep roots. Som e anic farm ers prefer pl anti ng grass between crops to prevent wi nd or water from carryi ng away the soil , and then l eavi ng i t i n the ground to bee a natural fertil i zer for the next year’s crop. These m any different ani c farmi ng m ethods have the sam e goal : to grow good food and avoi d damagi ng the envi ronm ent or peopl e’s heal th. An earl y farm er pi oneer Some peopl e thought Jia Si xi e was a l ucky m an. He had worked for the em peror and when he got ol d, he was abl e to go hi s hom etown to relax. Ji a Si xi e, however, had other pl ans. H e had al ways been i nterested i n agricul ture and i ntended to do somethi ng to m ake Chi nese farmi ng even better. Ji a Si xi e li ved i n the si x century AD. H e was born i n Yi du i n Shandong provi nce and worked i n Gaoyang, which i s al so i n Shangdong. As he rode through the countrysi de on hi s journeys for hi s work he looked out at the fi el ds. Som e of them were grener and had m ore crops than others. Som e cows and sheep l oked heal thi er than others to. H e was l ost i n though. What coul d a farm er do to get good crops from hi s fi el ds? Surel y there must be rul es that would hel p them. H e thought he coul d use hi s knowl edge to fi nd out the best ways for farm ers to grow crops and then write a book to hel p them . In doi ng so he col ected inform ati on from farm ers who di d wel , studi ed i t and di d experim ents to fi nd the best way. For exam pl e, he studi ed ways of keepi ng seeds and advi sed farm ers to choose seedheads whi ch had the best col or. Then he tol d them to hang them to dry al wi nter. The next spri ng the seds shoul d be knocked out of their seedheads and planted. H e studi ed how to im prove the soi l. H e advi sed farm ers to clear weeds from the ground before pl anti ng crops. They coul d either l et the ani m al s eat the weeds or turn the soil over so that the weeds were covered and woul d rot. Then he gave advi ce on Turing over the soil . The fi rst tim e each year, farm ers shoul d di g deepl y, but the second ti m e shoul d be l ess deep. Therefore the autum n pl oughi ng of the soil shoul d be deeper thant the spri ng ploughing. He suggested changi ng crops i n the fi el d every year: ri ve one year and wheat the next so that they woul d al ways get good harvests. They shoul d al so grow di fferent plants next to each other i n the fi el d. H e al so gave adi ve on how to fi sh, keep a garden and even m ake wi ne. H e wrote down his in a book cal l ed Qi Min Yao Shu, which was consi dered an im portant summ ary of the knowl edge of farmi ng. For centuri es after Ji a Si xi e di ed, it was studi ed by Chi nese farm ers and students of agri cul ture. Unit 3 A MASTER O F N ON VERBAL H UMO UR As Victor H ugo once said, “Laughter is the sun that drives winter from the human face”, and up to now nobody has been able to do thi s better than Charli e Chapli n. H e bri ghtened the l i ves of Am ericans and Bri ti sh through two worl d wars and the hard years i n between. H e m ade people l augh at a tim e when they fel t depressed, so they coul d feel m ore content wi th their l i ves. Not that Charlie’s own life was easy! H e was born in a poor family in 1889. His parents were both poor music hal performers. You m ay fi nd it astoni shi ng that Charli e wa。