茶东110kv输变电工程可研报告(编辑修改稿)内容摘要:
ed alm ost at the t hr eshold, was a wi ld rosebush, covered, in t his month of June, wi t h it s del icate gems, which m ight be imagined t o off er t heir fr agrance and f r agi le beaut y t o the pr isoner as he went in, and to t he condemned cri minal as he came f ort h t o his doom, in token that the deep heart of Nat ur e coul d pi ty and be kind t o him . Appar ent ly, the author makes a contr ast between t he ugl y j ai lhouse wit h a t angled gr as pl ot overgr own wi th bur dock and pigweed and som et hing as beaut if ul as a wi l d rose. As the stor y unf olds, he wil l fur ther suggest that secr et sin and a pr et y chi ld may go together li ke a pigweed and wil d r oses. I n t hi s art ful ly cr af ted novel, set ti ng is i nti mately bl ended wi th character s, symboli sm, and t heme. I n addi ti on to pl ace, set ti ng may crucial y i nvol ve the t ime of t he st ory—cent ur y, year , or even specif ic hour . I t may mat ter greatl y that a story takes pl aces i n the m or ning or at noon. The medieval backgr ound inf or ms us dif f er ent ly fr om t he twenti eth century. Kennedy and Gi oia not e that in The Scarlet Let ter , the nieenthcentur y aut hor Nathani el Hawt hrone, util izes a l ong i ntr oducti on and a vivi d descri pti on of t he scene at a pri son door to infor m us t hat t he events i n t he st ory t ook place in t he Puri tan munit y of Bost on of the earl ier seventeenth century. This set ing, to whi ch Hawthor ne pays so much at ent ion, together wit h our schemata concer ning Puri tan pr act ice, helps us under stand what happens i n t he novel. We can understand t o som e ext ent t he agi tati on in the t own when a woman i s acused of adult ery, for adul ter y was a f lagrant def iance of church f or the God feari ng New Engl and Pur it an m uni ty, and an il legit imat e chi ld was evidence of si n. Wit hout i nf orm at ion about the seventeenthcentur y Puri tan backgr ound, a reader today may be per plexed at he novel . The f act t hat t he st ory i n Hawt hor ne’ s novel t ook pl ace i n a t ime remote fr om our own l eads us to expect di f erent at ti tudes and customs of t he character s, i s st rongly suggest ive of the whol e societ y, whi ch is cr uci al t o an esent ial under st andi ng of The Scarlet Let er as a whol e. Besides place and ti me, set ing m ay al so include t he weat her, which, indeed, may be cr uci al i n some stori es. 2. Local color wri ti ng /regi onalism and t he writ er, a regi onal wri ter. When set ti ng dom inates, or when a pi ece of f icti on is wr i ten l argely t o pr esent t he manner s and custom s of a local it y, t he wr it ng is of ten cal ed local color wr it ing or r egi onal ism and t he wr it er , a regional wri ter. A regional wri ter usual ly sets his/ her stor ies in one geographic ar ea and t ri es to br ing i t al ive t o reader s ever ywhere. Thomas Har dy, i n his por tr ayal of li fe i n Wessex, wr ot e r egi onal novel s. Ar nol d Ben t’ s novel s of t he “Five Towns” ar e mar kedly regional. Wi l li am Faulkner, known as a disti ngui shed r egi onal wr it er , almost al ways set his novels and stori es in hi s nat ive Missi ssi ppi . 3. The set t i ng of a novel is not always drawn f rom a real li fe l ocal e. The seti ng of a novel i s not always dr awn fr om a real li fe l ocale. Li terar y art ists someti mes prefer t o create t he total it y of their f icti on—t he set ing as wel l as characters and t hei r act ions. …… The creati on of set ting can be a m agi cal f icti onal gif t in a noveli st or stor ytel er . But what ever the set ing of his/ her wor k, a t r ue noveli st i s concerned wi th m aki ng an envi ronment cr edi ble f or his/ her char act ers and t hei r act ions and in accor d wi th t he devel opment of the plot . In some stor ies, a wri ter sem s to draw a set ti ng mainl y t o evoke at mosphere. In such a story, set ti ng start s us feeli ng whatever t he st oryt el ler would have us f el. Thus atmospher e i s a metaphor f or a f eli ng or an im pr e sion which we cannot r eadi ly at tach to some t angi ble cause. We say that an old f armhouse set among lar ge maples, on a gr een lawn, has an at mosphere of peace. Here what we m ean is t hat the house, by r eason of the l ook of qui et ness and by reason of a num ber of pl easant associ at i ons we have wi t h the ki nd of l if e l ived there, sti rs a cert ain r eacti on in us which we do not at ach to any s ingle i nci dent or object, but general y t o the whol e scene. I n t he same way we may say that the set ing of a stor y cont ri but e s to defi ning i ts atm osphere. For inst ance, in “The Tel Tal e Heart ,” Poe’s set ing t he act ion i n an old, dar k, lantern li t house greatl y cont ri but es to t he reader ’ s sense of unease, and so hel ps t o buil d the st or y’s ef fecti venes. Another exampl e is Lawr ence’s “The Horse Deal er’ s Daughter, ” t he descr ipt ion at the beginning of whi ch cont ri but es much to t he atmospher e of the stor y. 4. The i mport ance of at mosphere i n creat ing t he set ti ng But it i s a mi st ake t o say that the atm osphere of a piece of fi cti on depends on the set ti ng alone. ( As i l ust rated i n Shakespear e’ s Haml et , the dial ogue at the very begi nni ng of the play helps powerf ull y to est abl ish the at mosphere of uncer tai nt y, i n addit ion t o the set ing—t he col d mi dni ght castl e. ) The vocabul ary, the f igures of speech, and t he rhythm of t he sent ence al so hel p def i ne t he gener al at m ospher e, f or by t hese f act or s t he wr i t er m anages t o cont r ol t he ki nd of associ at i ons t hat e t o t he r eader ’ s m i nd. At m osphere al so depends on char act er and act i on. I n shor t , we m ay say t hat t he at m ospher e of f i ct i on i s t he per vasi ve, gener al f eel i ng, gener。茶东110kv输变电工程可研报告(编辑修改稿)
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