现代生态农业示范园建设项目可研报告(编辑修改稿)

现代生态农业示范园建设项目可研报告(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

esting an alphabetical symbol. Another exam ple is Herm an Melvile’ s M obyDick, in which t he huge whit e whale in t he t it le of t he book acquir es gr eater meaning t han t he lit er al dict ionar y definit ion of an aquat ic mamm al. I t also suggests m ore t han t he devil, t o whom som e of t he character s liken it . The huge whale, as t he stor y unf olds, es t o im ply an amplit ude of m eanings: am ong t hem t he f orces of nat ure and t he whole univer se. Lit er ary symbols ar e of t wo br oad t ypes: one t ype includes t hose embodying univer sal suggest ions of meaning. Flowing wat er suggest s t ime and eter nit y, a jour ney int o t he underwor ld and r et ur n f rom it is int er pret ed as a spir it ual experience or a dar k night of t he soul, and a kind of r edem pt ive odyssey. Such sym bols ar e used widely ( and som etim es unconsciously) in west ern lit er at ure. The ot her t ype of sym bol secur es it s suggest iveness not f r om qualit ies inher ent in it self but f r om t he way in which it is used in a given wor k, in a special cont ext . Thus, in M obyDick t he voyage, t he land, and the ocean are objects pregnant with m eani gs that seem alm ost independent of the author’s use of them in the story。 on the ot her hand, t he whit e whale is invest ed wit h dif f er ent m eanings f or dif f erent cr ew m embers t hrough t he handling of m ater ials in t he novel. Sim ilarly, in Hem ingway’s A Farewell to Arm s, rain, which is generaly regarded as a symbol of lif e ( especialy in spr ing) , and which is a m ildly annoying m et eorological phenomenon in t he opening chapter, is convert ed int o a sym bol f deat h t hrough t he uses t o which it is put in t he wor k. 3. Sym bols in f ict ion ar e inanim at e obj ect s Of ten sym bols we m eet in f iction are inanim ate objects. I n Wilam Faulker’s “A Rose f or Em ily, ” Miss Emily’ s invisible but per cept ible wat ch t icking at t he end of a golden chain not only indicates the passage of tim e, but suggests that im e pases without even being noticed by the watch’ s owner . The golden chain t o which it is at t ached car ries suggest ions of wealt h and aut horit y. Ot her t hings m ay also f unction symbolicaly. I n James Joyce’ s “Ar aby,” the very name of the bazzar, Araby—the poet ic name f or Ar abia—suggest s m agic, r omance, and The Ar abian Night s。 its sylables, the narator tells us, “cast an Eastern enchantm ent over m e.” Even a locale, or a f eature of physical topography, can provide rich sym bolic suggestions. The caf 233。 in Ernest Hem ingway’ s “A Clean, Wel Lighted Place” is not m erely a caf 233。 , but an island of refuge f rom sleepless night, chaos, loneliness, old age, the meaningles sness of lif e, and im pending deat h. I n some novels and stor ies, some character s ar e symbolic. Such character s usualy appear br iefly and r emain slight ly m yster ious. I n Joseph Cornard’ s Hear t of Dar knes , a st eamship pany t hat hir es men t o wor k in Congo m aint ains in it s wait ing r oom t wo wom en who knit black wool—t hey sym bolize t he classical Fat es. Such a char act er is seen as a por t r ait r at her t han as a per son, at least por t r ait like. F aulkner’ s M iss Em ily, twice appears at a window of her houses “like the carven torso of an idol in the niche. ” Though Faulkner invests her with lif e and vigor, he also clothes her in sym bolic hints: she seem s alm ost to t ypes of sent ence ar e used, what is t heir f unction? Sentence plexit y: Do sentences on whole have a sim ple or a plex str uct ure? What is t he average sent ence lengt h? Does plexit y var y st r ikingly f rom one sent ence t o another ? I s plexit y m ainly due t o ( i) coordinat ion, ( i) subor dination, ( i) juxt aposit ion of clauses or of ot her equivalent str uct ures? In what par ts of the t ext does plexit y tend t o occur ? clause t ypes: What t ypes of clauses ar e f avored—r elat ive clauses, adverbial clauses, or dif f erent types of nom inal clauses? Ar e nonf init e f orm s monly used, and if so, of what t ypes ar e t hey ( infinit ive, ing f orm , ed f or m, ver bless t r uct ure)? What is t heir f unction? Clause st ructur e: I s t her e anyt hing signif icant about clause elem ent s (eg f requency of object s, adver bials, plem ents。 of t r ansit ive or int ransit ive ver b const r uct ions) ? Ar e t her e any unusual or derings ( init ial adver bials, f r ont ing of object or plement , et c)? Do special kinds of clause const ruction occur ( such as those wit h pr epar ator y it or t her e) ? Noun phr ases: Ar e t hey r elat ively sim ple or plex? Wher e does t he plexit y lie ( in pr em odifcat ion by adject iv es, nouns, et c, or in post modif ication by pr eposit ion by pr eposit ional phr ases, r elat ive clauses, et c)? Verb phr ases: Ar e t here any signif icant depart ures f rom t he use of t he sim ple past ense? For exam ple, not ice occur r ences and f unctions of t he pr esent t ense, of t he pr ogr essive aspect , of t he perf ect aspect , of modal auxilar ies. ot her phr ase t ypes: I s t here anything t o be said about other phrases t ypes, such as pr eposit ional phr ases, adverb phr ases, adject ive phrases? Word classes: Having alr eady consider ed major wor d classes, we m ay consider m inor word classes ( eg f unct ional wor ds), such as pr eposit ions, conjunctions, pr onouns, deter miner s, auxilar ies, int er jections. Ar e par t icular wor ds of t hese t ypes used f or part icular ef f ect ( eg demonst ratives such as t his and t hat, negat ives such as not, nothing)? General: Not e whet her any gener al t ypes of gr ammat ical constr uct ion ar e used t o special ef f ect ( eg par ative or superlat ive const ruct ions, coordinat ive or list ing const ruct ions, parent het ical con。