高考语法专项__非谓语动词(编辑修改稿)

高考语法专项__非谓语动词(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

+12+4)。 即以上动词除 let， make（ 2）外都可加现在分词作宾语补足语，此外 find， catch， keep， leave 也可用现在分词作宾补。 高考链接 （ 1）（ 2020 湖南 21） Listen! Do you hear someone ___for help? A. calling B. call C. to call D. called （ 2） (2020 全国 Ⅱ 16) They use puters to keep the traffic smoothly. A. being run B. run C. to run D. running （ 3） (2020 江苏 34)To learn English well， we should find opportunities to hear English A. speak B. speaking C. spoken D. to speak （ 4） (2020 全国 Ⅰ 29)I smell something in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute? A. burning C. being burnt D. to be burnt 3. leave 后接非谓语动词作宾补时，意为 “ 使 … 处于某种状态 ”。 leaveeg . It ’s wrong of you to leave the machine running .The guest left most of the dishes untouched , because they didn ’t taste delicious.He left, leaving me to do all the rest work.We hurriedly ended our meeting, leaving many problems to be settled .sb . doing sth . 让某人一直做某事sth . undone 留下某事未作（ unfinished,unsettled ）sb . to do sth . 留下某人做某事sth . to be done. 留下某事要做不定式表示将来的动作 8 高考链接(2020 天津 7)A go od sto ry do es not nec ess ari ly ha ve to ha ve a happy ending ， b ut the re a der mu st no t b e l eft.A. unsatisfie d B. unsatis fyingC. to be unsa tisfying D. being u nsatisfied4. have ， get 后不定式，分词作宾补时，动词的意思是 “ 使，让，叫 ”。 （ 1 ） have ， ge teg . I will have /get my bik e repaired tomorrow.(2 ) h a v e sb . d o s th .g e t sb . t o d o s t h .sth . d one 使 / 让某事由别人去做sb. /st h . doing 高考链接 （ 1）（ 2020 辽宁 35） Alexander tried to get his work ______in the medical circles. A. to recognize B. recognizing C. recognize D. recognized （ 2） (2020 福建 24)Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English in a short A. improved B. improving C. to improve D. improve is said that he has gone abroad. He is said to have gone abroad. 一个高频结构： sb. be said/ believed/ known/ reported/ found/ considered 等 +不定式 高考链接 (1)(2020 重庆 28)Leonardo da Vinci(14521519) A. is said to be buying B. is said to have bought C. had said to buy D. has said to have bought (2)(2020 辽宁 29) The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Liu Xiang， who was reported the world record in the 110 A. breaking B. having broken C. to have broken D. to break 9 四 不定式、分词作定语用法要点that will be built next yearThe workersthat was built last yearthat is being built nowis donated by a businessman.built last year （ done 被动 完成）to be built （ to be done 被动 将来）being built now （ being done 被动 进行）building the library （ doing 主动 进行）to build the library (to do 主动 将来 )who are building the librarywho will build the libraryare the locals.The library 不定式做定语 (1)不定式作定语时要后置。 (2)作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词且与所修饰的名词存在动宾关系，不定式后须有相应的介词。 eg. The Browns have a fortable house to live in. (3)用不定式作定语的 3 种情况： ① 不定式表将来。 eg. The car to be bought is for his sister. ② 用来修饰被序数词、最高级或 no, all, any 等限定的中心词。 eg. He was the best man to do the job. ③ 用来修饰的词是抽象名词时用不定式，常见的有： ability, chance, idea, fact, answer, reason， way 等。 eg. I have no chance to go sightseeing 分词作定语 （ 1）单个的分词作定语放在所修饰词之前，分词短语作定语放在所修饰词之后，位置与定语从句一致。 （ 2）做定语的不及物动词分词 形式为：现在分词和过去分词。 现在分词表正在进行；过去分词表已完成。 eg. boiling water； boiled water falling leaves； fallen leaves changing world； changed world （ 3）现在分词表明所修饰词的特征，一般修饰物，翻译成 “令人 … 的 ”； 过去分词表明所修饰词的心理感受和状态，一般修饰人，翻译成 “感到 … 的 ”。 eg. moving film。 moved people encouraging report。 encouraged students (2020 上海春 ) it is believed that if a book is interesting, it will surely interests the reader. （ 4）过去分词除表示被动和完成之外，还可表示状态。 常见： be interested in, be dressed in, be faced with, be/remain seated等 . eg. The window is broken. 高考链接 （ 1）（ 2020 湖 南 30） So far nobody has claimed the money in the library. A. discovered B. to be discovered 10 C. discovering D. having discovered 解题技巧：（ 1）读题； （ 2）找到非谓语所修饰的名词或代词； （ 3）体会这个名词或代词与非谓语动词之间的主被动关系以及时态。 五作状语用法 1 不定式做状语 （ 1）不定式做状语表目的（ =in order to/so as to） eg. (2020 上海 35) It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just to have a look at the sports stars. （ 2）某些形容词作表语，表示喜怒哀乐，后跟不定式表示原因。 eg. I am very glad to see you. I am so sorry to hear your mother is ill. 与句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且先于谓语动词发生（ A f t e r + 状语从句）h a v i n g b e e n + v . ed( h a v i n g b e e n d o n e )与句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且与谓语动词同时发生，强调动作正在进行b e i n g + v . ed( b e i n g d o n e )与句中谓语构成逻辑上的动宾关系v e d ( d o n e )与句中主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，先于谓语动词发生h a v i n g + v . e d ( h a v i n g d o n e )与句中主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，与句中谓语动词同时发生，或基本上同时发生v. i n g( d o i n g )意义形式2 分词作状语（ 2020 天津 12） It rained heavily in the south, _____ serious flooding in several provinces. A. caused B. having caused C. causing D. to cause 解题技巧：（ 1）读题，分析句子是否考察 非谓语动词作状语 （ 2）找到句子的主语； （ 3）非谓语动词做状语的总原则：非谓语动词的逻辑主语须与句子的主语保持一致； （ 4）体会非谓语动词与逻辑主语之间的主被动关系以及时态。 巩固练习： 1. Helen had to shout ________ above the sound of the music. A. making herself hear B. to make herself hear C. making herself heard D. to make herself heard 2. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV。 there are pictures ________ in your mind instead of before your eyes. A. to form B. form C. forming D. having formed 3. The man insisted ________ a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby. A. find B. to find C. on finding D. in findin。