第十四章科技文体的翻译(编辑修改稿)

第十四章科技文体的翻译(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

形容词及形容词短语。 In this factory the only fuel available is coal. In radiation, thermal energy is transformed into radiant energy ,similar in nature to light. • 副词 • The force upward equals the force downward so that the balloon stays at the level. 单个分词，但仍保持校强的动词意义。 • The heat produced is equal to the electrical energy wasted. 定语从句 • During construction, problems often arise which require design changes. • （ 五 ） 常用句型 • 科技文章中经常使用若干特定的句型，从而形成科技文体区别于其他文体的标志。 例如 Itthat结构句型；被动态结构句型；结构句型，分词短语结构句型，省略句结构句型等。 举例如下： • It is evident that a well lubricated bearing turns more easily than a dry one. The switching time of the newtype transistor is shortened three times. • Ice keeps the same temperature while melting. • （ 六 ） 长句 • 为了表述一个复杂概念，使之逻辑严密，结构紧凑，科技文章中往往出现许多长句。 有的长句多达七八个词，以下即是一例。 The efforts that have been made to explain optical phenomena by means of the hypothesis of a medium having the same physical character as an elastic solid body led, in the first instance, to the understanding of a concrete example of a medium which can transmit transverse vibrations, and at a later stage to the definite conclusion that there is no luminiferous medium having the physical character assumed in the hypothesis. • （ 七 ） 复合词与缩略词 • 大量使用复合词与缩略词是科技文章的特点之一，复合词从过去的双词组合发展到多词组合；缩略词趋向于任意构词，例如某一篇论。