我国民营银行的发展问题及其策略研究(编辑修改稿)

我国民营银行的发展问题及其策略研究(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

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Introduction A construct Banking sectors in the transition economies of Central and Southeastern Europe were restructured dramatically the with a financial anization that, in most cases, was designed to support the central planning apparatus, new governments moved to create modern mercial banking sectors immediately. The first rudimentary step was to divest mercial and retail activities from the portfolios of national banks and to set up new jointstock banks with universal licenses that were fully stateowned initially. Bank privatization was an essential part of the financial reform agendas in these countries. Although much descriptive work exists on these financial sector reforms and bank privatizations, ., Bonin, Mizsei, Sz233。 kely, and Wachtel (1998), no systematic empirical work was possible until sufficient time had elapsed to make the construction of a meaningful dataset possible. The basic issue to investigate is whether or not privatization improves bank performance. Although the theoretical literature indicates that private firms should outperform governmentowned firms, empirical evidence is needed to confirm this theoretical hypothesis for banks in transition countries. The empirical literature provides evidence of the influence of ownership on the performance of individual banks and on the effectiveness of the banking sector. In a crosscountry study, La Porta, LopezDeSilanes, and Shleifer (2020) find that the performance of governmentowned banks is inferior to that of private banks. Claessens, Demirg252。 cKunt and Huizinga (2020) investigate performance differences between domestic and foreign banks in eighty countries, both developed and developing, over an eightyear period from 1988 to 1995. These authors find that foreign bank entry was followed by a reduction in both the profitability and the overhead expenses of domestic banks and that foreign banks in developing countries perform better than do domestic banks. For Latin American countries, Crystal, Dages, and Goldberg (2020) argue that 石家庄铁道大学四方学院毕业论文 17 foreign bank entry is associated with improved production of financial services and more banking petition。 in addition, they claim that it facilitates the early waves of privatization ofgovernmentowned domestic banks. Hence, this empirical literature provides evidence that ownership matters。 in particular, government ownership of banks is less efficient than private ownership and foreign bank entry has a salutary effect on banking sectors. Much of the empirical literature on banking in transition countries addresses the impact of foreign bank entry on banking efficiency. Hasan and Marton (2020), Drakos (2020), and Fries and Taci (2020) demonstrate that the entry of more efficient foreign banks creates an environment that forces the entire banking system to bee more efficient, both directly and indirectly, in transition countries. Buch (2020) pares interest rate spreads in the three fasttrack transition countries, Hungary, Poland and the Czech Republic, from 1995 to 1999. She finds evidence confirming the hypothesis tha t foreign banks create a more petitive market environment in transition economies, but only after they have attained sufficient aggregate market share. A few studies examine the effects of ownership on individual bank efficiency. For Poland, Nikiel and Opiela (2020) find that foreign banks servicing foreign and business customers are more costefficient but less profitefficient than other banks in Poland. Bonin, Hasan, and Wachtel (2020) examine the performance of banks in eleven transition countries and show that majority foreign ownership is associated with improved bank efficiency. However, these authors cannot investigate privatization directly because their data do not distinguish among different types of foreign bank ownership. Studies focusing specifically on the effects of bank privatization are less numerous. Verbrugge, Megginson and Owens (2020) document marginal performance improvements and increases in equity among privatized banks in OECD countries. For Argentina, Clark and Cull (1999, 2020) study the privatization process and show that the success of the provincial bank privatization depended on the effectiveness of the buyers. These authors find evidence that credit allocation and efficiency are higher in privatized banks. The 石家庄铁道大学四方学院毕业论文 18 transformation of the Argentine banking system occurred mainly through domestic merge。