实施sapr3软件中项目管理(编辑修改稿)

实施sapr3软件中项目管理(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

Planning and Control. Each area within the anization has its own structure and its own view of the project, but data has to be entered only once. 3 GETTING READY FOR THE WORKSHOP This chapter provides information on the first use of the system. Logging on R/3 Logging off SAP R/3 is a client/server application. Therefore, you have to cancel the connection with the server by telling it that you want to log off. Create Session Often it is useful to open more screens. You can do this by creating a new session, like a new document in a word processor. SAP Help If you want to get some basic information about a specific field, focus this field with your mouse and press F1.The dialog box indicates what the field is for. Sometimes even dependencies are explained. Match codes Match codes are useful for finding data, because it is difficult to know/remember the identification number of a line position such as a material. Example: You want to edit the material master of a material. You don’t know the number, but you know that the material description starts with something like “PM_” If you press F4 you get a searchmask where you are able to search with wildcards After having pressed Enter you get a list with the search results. Then you can select one material, you can sort or cancel. Transaction Codes The following screen will be often used during the workshop. Thus, we can use Transaction Codes for faster access. Then select Structure planning – Change Project. Now, we want to “bookmark” this screen. So, we look up the transaction code. The status dialog box opens: Here we see a lot of information concerning important relevant technical details. Wherever you find yourself in the system, you can get to this screen by entering CJ20 in the Transaction screen. Let us refine this a little bit. If you have several transaction codes, you may get confused. Key in the appropriate transaction code and the ment edit project structure. Then, if you open the bo box of the transaction codes after having entered more codes, you will find the appropriate one . The Standard Toolbar In many screens you will find the standard toolbar. Save button When you press the save button, the system also validates your input. If there was an error, you have to correct the error first,before you can proceed. Back button If you click the back button you return to the previous screen without saving your data. Help Enter button When you have finished entering information on a screen, you press the Enter button which performs the same function as pressing the Enter key. Exit button Press it, if you want to leave the current application to go back to the previous menue. Cancel button Click on this button to exit the current task without saving. The Cancel button performs the same function as Cancel in the Edit menu. Print button Paging keys Find/Find next button Click on this button, if you want to perform a search for data required in the screen you are currently working in. 4 CASE STUDY Case description This case was developed in order to demonstrate the project system of SAP R/3 . All prices and data are pure fiction and held very simple. The object of the project is the specification and installation of an elevator. Physically, the Elevator consists of  a cabine  an engine  mechanical parts  a control unit In the course of the project, these parts must be constructed, procured and assembled. At the end, an external inspection of the entire system is prescribed. The project must be finished by . The pany consists of two work centers:  Development (PROJRD)  Installation (PROJINS) Specification activities are performed by the Development department. Procurement activities will be done outside the project anisation, and neither cost nor capacity considerations are planned within a project for procurement. Installation is done by the Installation department. In particular, the activities are as follows: Activity Duration Work Workcenter Specification of the cabine 10 20 Development Specification of the engine 10 10 Development Specification of mechanical parts 20 10 Development Specification of the control unit 2 10 Development Procurement of the cabine 20 Procurement of the engine 50 Procurement of mechanical parts 10 Procurement of the control unit 10 Installation I 15 100 Installation Installation II 20 100 Installation External Inspection 1 external, Specification activities can be performed in a consecutive order only. Specification starts with the cabine. After pletion, the specification of the engine can be done. Then, the mechanical parts can be designed. The last activity is the design of the control unit. After the pletion of each specification activity, the procurement of the specific item can be effected. After the procurement of all parts the Installation can start and must be done in two consecutive steps (I + II). The final activity of the project is external inspection. A 10% planning reserve on the baisis of planned cost is required. No actual cost should be posted to this WBS element. Corresponding materials assigned to the purchasing activities S t r u c t u r ePM _ El e v a to r En g i n eF i n i s h e d Pr o d u c tEx te r n a l p r o c u r e m e n tP M _ C o n t r o l U n i tF i n i s h e d P r o d u c tE x t e r n a l P r o c u r e m e n tP M _ C a b i n eF i n i s h e d P r o d u c tE x t e r n a l P r o c u r e m e n tP M _ M e c h a n i c a l _ P a r t sF i n i s h e d P r o d u c t。