globalcryptocurrencybenchmarkingstudy全球数字加密货币报告(编辑修改稿)

globalcryptocurrencybenchmarkingstudy全球数字加密货币报告(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

budget is spent on security. WALLETS • Between million and million wallets are estimated to be currently ‘active’. • The lines between wallets and exchanges are increasingly blurred: 52% of wallets surveyed provide an integrated currency exchange feature, of which 80% offer a nationaltocryptocurrency exchange service. In contrast with exchanges, the majority of wallets do not control access to user keys. PAYMENTS • While 79% of payment panies have existing relationships with banking institutions and payment works, the difficulty of obtaining and maintaining these relationships is cited as this sector39。 s biggest challenge. • On average, nationaltocryptocurrency payments constitute twothirds of total payment pany transaction volume, whereas nationaltonational currency transfers and cryptocurrencytocryptocurrency payments account for 27% and 6%, respectively. MINING • 70% of large miners rate their influence on protocol development as high or very high, pared to 51% of small miners. • The cryptocurrency mining map shows that publicly known mining facilities are geographically dispersed, but a significant concentration can be observed in certain Chinese provinces. 10 Executive Summary METHODOLOGY AND STUDY STRUCTURE METHODOLOGY The Cambridge Centre for Alternative Finance carried out four online surveys from September 2020 to January 2017 via secure webbased questionnaires. Each survey was directed at anizations and individuals operating in a specific sector of the cryptocurrency industry as defined by our taxonomy (specifically exchanges, wallets, payment service providers, and miners). All surveys were written and distributed in English, and the exchanges survey as well as the mining survey were translated and distributed in Chinese with the generous help of . The research team collected data from cryptocurrency panies and anisations across 38 countries and five world regions. Over one hundred cryptocurrency panies and anisations as well as 30 individual miners participated in one or more of the four surveys. During the survey process, the research team municated directly with individual anisations, explaining the study’s objectives. For cases in which currently active major panies did not contribute to our study, the dataset was supplemented with additional research and web scraping using monly applied methodologies. 144 cryptocurrency anisations and individual miners are included in the research study sample The collected data was encrypted and safely stored, accessible only to the authors of this study. All individual panyspecific data was anonymised and analysed in aggregate by industry sector, type of activity, anisation size, region and country. We estimate that our benchmarking study captured more than 75% of the four cryptocurrency industry sectors covered in this report. REPORT STRUCTURE The remainder of this report is structured as follows: • The Exchanges section presents an overview of the cryptocurrency exchange sector and the different types of exchange activities, with a particular focus on security. • The Wallets section explores the different types and formats of wallets, as well as widely offered features including currency exchange services. • The Payments section features a taxonomy of the four major payment activity types, and pares national and crossborder payment channels and transaction sizes. • The Mining section describes the mining value chain and features a map with publicly known mining facilities across the world。 miners’ views on policy issues and operational challenges are also presented. • Appendix A: Brief introduction to cryptocurrencies highlights the general concept of cryptocurrencies and presents their key properties and value propositions. • Appendix B: The cryptocurrency industry offers a more detailed introduction to the emergence of the cryptocurrency industry. • Appendix C: The geographical dispersion of cryptocurrency users discusses the geographical dispersion of cryptocurrency users and activity. • References and Endnotes provide information on where outside information was gathered and further explanation of how some figures were calculated (., employee figures by sector). 11 Global Cryptocurrency Benchmarking Study GLOSSARY GEOGRAPHY • AsiaPacific: region that prises East Asia, South Asia, SouthEast Asia and Oceania • Africa and Middle East: region that prises the African continent as well as the Middle East • Europe: region that prises Western Europe, Southern Europe and Eastern Europe including Russia • Latin America: region that prises South America and Central America including Mexico • North America: region posed of Canada and the United States EXCHANGES • Orderbook exchange: platform that uses a trading engine to match buy and sell orders from users • Brokerage service: service that lets users conveniently acquire and/or sell cryptocurrencies at a given price • Trading platform: platform that provides a single interface for connecting to several other exchanges and/or offers leveraged trading and cryptocurrency derivatives • Large exchange: exchange with more than 20 fulltime employees and/or a nonnegligible market share • Custodial exchange/custodian: exchange that takes custody of users’ cryptocurrency funds WALLETS • Incorporated wallet: registered corporation that provides software and/or hardware wallets. • Custodial wallet/custodian: wallet provider that takes custody of users’ cryptocurrency holdings by controlling the private key(s). • Selfhosted wallet: wallet that lets users control private key(s), meaning that the wallet service does not have access to users’ cryptocurrency funds • Large wallet: incorp。