第一章冶金工程内容摘要:

reinforcing steel is also a bar with a circular crosssection. Its surface is usually ribbed. 原文: (3)铁路的辅助材料等 这个种类覆盖了建造铁路需要的所 有部件。 译文: (3)Rail accessories This category covers all the parts needed for building railway tracks. 原文: 板材的断面是矩形的 , 宽度比厚度大 , 表面基本是光滑的 , 也可以用图案装饰。 根据厚度 , 板材分为特厚板 (> 60mm)、 中 厚板 (4~60mm)和薄板 ( < 4mm)。 译文: Flats are rectangular in crosssection. The width is much larger than the thickness. The surface is mostly smooth but may also be patterned. Flat products are classified by thickness into: heavy flat steel (> 60mm), medium steel plat (4~60mm) and steel sheet (< 4mm). 原文: 管材是空心断面 , 虽然断面一般是圆的 , 但也生产其他形 状的断面。 译文: Tubes are hollow sections. Although normally circular in cross section, other forms are also produced. 原文: 线材的表面基本是光滑的 , 断面可以使圆的 、 椭圆的 、 方 的 、 矩形的 , 厚度从 5mm到 40mm不等。 多数线材需要经过冷拔和 冷轧进一步处理。 译文: Wire rod39。 s surface is mostly smooth. Its crosssection may be circular, oval, square, rectangular, etc. Thicknesses rang form 5 to 40mm. Most wire rod undergoes further treatment by cold drawing or cold rolling. 英译汉  (一 ) Warmup questions 1. Can you introduce the secondary refining briefly in your own words? 2. Why does vacuum treatment of steel enjoy high priority?  (二 ) Words and expressions Secondary Refining 原文: Formerly, steel produced in the refining processes of the converter or electric arc furnace was considered “ finished” and ready to be cast and rolled. 译文: 过去 , 在转炉或电弧炉精炼过程中生产的钢被称为 “ 成品 ” 而用于铸造和轧制。 原文: Nowadays, secondary refining is generally applied after the refining process. The purpose of secondary refining is to produce clean steel, which satisfies stringent requirements of surface, internal and microcleanliness quality and of mechanical properties. 译文: 现在 , 精炼工艺之后通常进行炉外精炼。 炉外精炼的目的 是生产 “ 纯净 ” 钢 , 使它能够满足对表面 、 内部和显微纯度及 力学性能等方面的严格要求。 原文: The tasks of secondary refining are: degassing (decreasing the concentration of oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen in steel)。 decarburization。 removing undesirable nonmetallic (primarily oxides and sulphides)。 etc. 译文: 炉外精炼的任务主要是:脱气 (减少钢中的氢气 、 氧气和氮气 的含量 ), 脱碳 , 去除不必要的非金属夹杂物 (主要是氧化物和硫 化物 )等。 原文: Secondary refining processes have many methods. They are divided into two broad categories: secondary refining process in vacuum (vacuum treatment process) and secondary refining process in nonvacuum (nonvacuum treatment process). 译文: 炉外精炼方法很多 , 大致可分为常压下炉外精炼 (非真 空处理 )和真空下炉外精炼 (真空处理 )两类。 原文: The corresponding techniques are: stirring gas treatment with porous。
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