质量、改进、团队-qit促进员培训(编辑修改稿)

质量、改进、团队-qit促进员培训(编辑修改稿)内容摘要：

改善 very suitable for gemba kaizen 主要用於處理數值資料 (魚骨圖除外 ) mainly used in handling numerical data(except fishbone) FormalWin Consultants Ltd QIT Facilitator Training QC 七工具 (簡介 ) 7tools (Briefing) 魚骨圖 現象分析及分類工具 fishbone diagram – a status analysis and categorization tool 檢查表 收集及檢查工具 check list – a collection and inspection tool FormalWin Consultants Ltd QIT Facilitator Training 柏拉圖 定出重要少數及行動先後的工具 perato diagram a tool to define critical few and action priority 散佈圖 定出兩個參數間關係的工具 scatter diagram – a tool to define the relationship between two factors QC 七工具 (簡介 ) 7tools (Briefing) FormalWin Consultants Ltd QIT Facilitator Training 層別法 判斷混合數據有否層級的工具 stratter diagram – a tool to judge if mixed data exist strater 直方圖 群組的分佈狀況判斷工具 histogram – a tool to judge data group scatter 控制圖 判斷實時製程波動的工具 control diagram – a tool to indicate realtime fluctuation QC 七工具 (簡介 ) 7tools (Briefing) FormalWin Consultants Ltd QIT Facilitator Training 特性要因圖 cause and effect diagram 又稱魚骨圖因連結結果與原因及效果，狀似魚骨 (fishbone) showing the relationship between the cause and its effects 石川馨教授創於 1952 年 FormalWin Consultants Ltd QIT Facilitator Training 特性要因圖 cause and effect diagram 決定問題 (激盪法 ) define problem(brainstroming) 起骨、分類、大骨、中骨、小骨 initial bone,classify, big bone, middle bone, small bone 集中式思考，定出重點順序 concentration, define sequence FormalWin Consultants Ltd QIT Facilitator Training 特性要因圖 cause and effect diagram 用 5H1W法逐項列出問題點 list problem points, make use of 5H1W 原因解釋愈細愈好 detail explaination 以現場第一線問題先作考慮 onsite, frontline is the priority 用 5M選題法表決優先處理問題 prioritize by 5M FormalWin Consultants Ltd QIT Facilitator Training 特性要因圖 causeandeffect diagram FormalWin Consultants Ltd QIT Facilitator Training 要因圖特性 causeandeffect characteristics 以現象第一線所發生問題作考慮 consider what is happening onsite 是一種教育經驗 an educational experience 是討論問題的捷徑 a fast track for problem discussion FormalWin Consultants Ltd QIT Facilitator Training 要因圖特性 causeandeffect characteristics 表現出分析水準 an indication of ability to analyze 展現問題的因果關係、工作層次 indicate cause and effect of a problem, action levels FormalWin Consultants Ltd QIT Facilitator Training 柏拉圖 Pareto diagram 意大利經濟學者 Etlaian economist V. Pareto (18481923)於 1897年分析其社會經濟結構，發現國民所得的大部份集中於少數人。 於是將所得大小與擁有所得之關係以一方程式表示，稱為「柏拉法則」。 When analyse social economic structure, discovered that national wealth are in the hands of a few. He devised a method to calculate wealth and owners of the is the so called ‘pareto principle’ FormalWin Consultants Ltd QIT Facilitator Training 柏拉圖的原理 the pareto principle 根據所收集數據按不良原因、不良狀況、不良發生位置等不同區分標準，以尋求佔最大比率的原因、狀況或位置的一種圖形。 collect data， find out defect reasons, distribution, location, define major share causes, distribution and location in a diagram FormalWin Consultants Ltd QIT Facilitator Training 柏拉圖的原理 the pareto principle 從圖中可看出那一項目有問題，其影響程度如何，以判斷問題的癥結點，並針對問題點採取改善措施，故又稱「 ABC圖」 (依價值的大小而付出不同的努力 )。 Identify problem items from the diagram, judge its impacts, and take corrective actions, this is also called ‘ABC diagram’ (value and attention in proportion) FormalWin Consultants Ltd QIT Facilitator Training 拍拉圖0102030405060708090100A B C D E F 其他不良種類不良個數0102030405060708090100不良數累計比例「其他」項目在最末 各柱位最好連合一起，寬度一致，以顏色別 累計百分比 統計目標 分類 最大值在左，順延向右 標題 斜度漸減的折線 柏拉圖的製作 prepare a pareto diagram FormalWin Consultants Ltd QIT Facilitator Training 柏拉圖的使用場合 when to use pareto diagram 處理大量現存資料的工具 handle large quantity of data 表達總體數據分佈的工具 show overall data distribution 決定改善目標的先後定位 determine improvement priority 改善前後的比較 pare before and after improvement FormalWin Consultants Ltd QIT Facilitator Training 直方圖功能 what a histram can do 測知製程能力，作為製程改善依據。 Predict process capability, a basis for process improvement 計算產品不良率。 Calculate product defect 調查是否混入兩個以上不同群體。 Find out if two or more types are clustered 測知有沒有假數據。 Detect any false data 測知分配形態。 Detect distribution shape FormalWin Consultants Ltd QIT Facilitator Training 直方圖功能 what a histogram can do 藉以訂定規格界限。 Define limits 與規格或標準值比較。 Compare with standards or specifications 研判所設界限是否恰當。 Judge the appropriateness of limitation 改善前及後之比較。 Compare before and after 團隊選定 人才梯隊準備 Team selection prepare the successions FormalWin Consultants Ltd QIT Facilitator Training 課題類型與人員選定 project type and member。