虚拟语气总结

虚拟语气总结内容摘要：

had taken my advice, you wouldn39。 t have failed in the exam.(从句动词用 had taken, 主句动词用 have failed)如果你当时听从我的劝告的话，你就不会在考试中失败了。 ⑽ 、 If you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train.(从句动词用 had got up, 主句动词用 have caught)如果你起身得早一点，你就会赶得上火车了。 ⑾ 、 If it had snowed, I would have skied in the park.(从句动词用had snowed, 主句动词用 have skied)如果下雪的话，我就可在公园里滑雪了。 注意：如果动作在进行中，主句要用： 主语 + would + have + 完成进行式动词 +…… ⑿ 、 If they had been here, he would have been speaking to them.(从句动词用 had been, 主句动词用 have been speaking) （三）、表示与 将来 事实相反的虚拟条件句 (对将来的事实实现的可能性不大 )。 其句子结构为： adership: LuoMngj,rectfambS25l) 1, Iw4C从句： If + 主语 + should (或 were) + 动词原形 +…… 主句： 主语 + would (could, should, might) + 动词原形 +…… 例如： ⑴ 、 If I were to work at this problem, I would do it in another wa，我会用另外一种方法的。 ⑵ 、 If you were to do such a thing again, you would be punished. 如果你再做这样的事 情，就会受到惩罚。 ⑶ 、 If I should work harder, I could make much more 我更努力学习的话，我会取得更大的进步。 (事实上我不可能努力学习 ) ⑷ 、 If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at 的话，我将待在家里。 （根据天气情况，明天不可能下雨） ⑸ 、 If he should e, I could ask him for some 了，我就能够向他请教。 （事实上他来的可能性很小） ⑹ 、 If he came tomorrow, I would do it with 话，我将和他一起做此事。 （事实上他来的可能性很小） ⑺ 、 If it should rain, the crops would be saved.(从句动词用 should rain，主句动词用 be)如果天下雨，庄稼可能就收获了。 ⑻ 、 If he were to go fomorrow, he might tell you.(从句动词用 were to, 主句动词用 tell)如果明天他走的话，他可能会告诉你。 ⑼ 、 If he were here, I would give him the books.(从句动词用 were, 主句动词用 give)如果他在这儿，我可能会把书给他。 adership: LuoMngj,rectfambS25l) 1, Iw4C注意：如果动作在进行中，从句 (不是主句喔 )要用： If + 主语 + 过去进行式动词 +…… ⑽ 、 If she were staying here now, I would let her ride my horse.(从句动词用 were staying, 主句动词用 let)如果她现在留在这儿，我可能 会让她骑我的马。 三、 混合条件句 主从句 时间不一致情况下 的虚拟语气 有时条件从句中的动作和结果与主句中的动作，发生的时间不一致，这时动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整。 如： 1. 从句表示 过去 ，主句表示 将来 ： ⑴ 、 If they had started the early morning yesterday, they would be here now. ⑵ 、 If we hadn39。 t made adequate preparations, we shouldn’t dare to do the experiment next week。 2. 从句表示 将来 ，主句表示 过去 ： ⑴ 、 If I were not to make a preparation for my experiment this afternoon, I would have gone to see the film with you last night. 将来 ，主句表示 现在 ： ⑴ 、 If we shouldn39。 t have an exam this afternoon, I would go shopping now. 过去 ，主句表示 现在。 ⑴ 、 If they had stared the early morning yesterday, they would be here now. adership: LuoMngj,rectfambS25l) 1, Iw4C⑵ 、 If you had followed my advice, you would be able to finish the work now. 如果你当时听了我的话，现在就能完成这份工作了。 （从句说明过去，主句说明现在。 ） 现在 ，主句表示 过去 ⑴ 、 If I were you, I would have gone to her birthday 是你，我就去参加她的生日晚会了。 （从句说明现在，主句说明过去。 ） ，主句表示过去和现在 ⑴ 、 If you hadn’t lent me some money, I couldn’t have bought the new house and most likely I would be still living in the dangerous house now. 假若你不借钱给我，我不可能买下这幢新房，很可能现在还住在危房里。 （从句说明 过去，主句说明过去和现在。 ） 四、含蓄条件句 非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表出来，只暗含在上下文中，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。 含蓄条件句大体有三种情况； 1. 条件暗含在短语中。 如： (1)、 What would I have done without you? 如没有你，我会怎么办呢。 (条件暗含在分词短语 without you 中 ) (2) 、 It would be easier to do it this way. 这样做会比较容易。 (条件暗含在不定式短语 to do it this way 中 ) (3) 、 This same thing, happening in wartime, would lead to a disasadership: LuoMngj,rectfambS25l) 1, Iw4Cter. 同样的事，如发生在战时，就会酿成大祸。 (条件暗含在分词短语happening in wartime 中 ) (4)、 But for your help we couldn’t have succeeded in the experiment. 如果没有你的帮助，我们的实验是不会成功。 (暗含条件是 but for your help) (5)、 He must have the strength of a hippopotamus, or he never could have vanquished that great beast. 他一定是力大如河马，否则他绝不会击败那只庞大的野兽。 (暗含条件是连词 or) (6)、 Alone, he would have been terrified. 如是单独一人，他是会感到害怕的。 (暗含条件是 alone) 2. 条件暗含在上下文中。 如： (7)、 You might stay her forever. 你可以永远待在这儿。 (可能暗含if you wanted to) (8) 、 We would have succeeded. 我们本来是会成功的。 (可能暗含 if we had kept trying) (9) 、 Your reputation would be ruined. 你的名誉会败坏的。 (可能暗含 if you should accept it) (10) 、 I would appreciate a little of your time. 谢谢你给我一点时间吧。 (可能暗含 if you were so kind as to give me a little of your time) 3. 在不少情况下，虚拟式已变成习惯说法，很难找出其暗含的条件。 如： adership: LuoMngj,rectfambS25l) 1, Iw4C(11) 、 You wouldn’t know. 你不会知道。 (12) 、 I would like to e. 我愿意来。 (13) 、 I wouldn’t have dreamed of it. 这是我做梦也不会想到的。 (14) 、 He told the story in such minute detail that he might himself have been an eyewitness. 他将那事讲的非常仔细，简直就象他亲眼看见一样。 五、条件从句中 省略 if 采用 倒装 语序的情况 在 if引导的表示虚拟的条件状语从句中，有时可以把含有 助动词、情态动词、 be 或 have 的虚拟条件句中的连词 if 省去，而将 had, should, were 等词提到主语之前，即用倒装结构。 例如： 1). 原句： If she were younger, she would do it. 去 If： Were she younger, she would do it. (把动词 were 移到主语 she 的前面 ) 2). 原句： If he had tried it, he could have done it. 去 If： Had he tried it, he could have done it.(把 had 移到主语 he 的前面 ) 3).Had he worked harder, he would have got through the exams. 4).Were he to leave today, he would get there by Friday. 5).Were I in your place, I wouldn’t do that. 6).Had I seen the film, I would have discussed it with them last night. adership: LuoMngj,rectfambS25l) 1, Iw4C假如我看了那部电影，昨晚我就可以和他们一起讨论了。 7).Were I a bird, I could fly freely. 假如我是一只小鸟，我就能自由翱翔。 8).Should it rain next week the farmers would have a good harvest. 要是下周能下雨的话 ，农民们就能有个好收成了。 如果虚拟条件句中有 were, had或 should 时，把它们放在 if的位置上； 但是如果条件句中没有 were, had 或 should 不能用倒装。 ⑴ 、 Should it rain tomorrow, what should we do? 要是明天下雨的话，我们怎么办呢。 ⑵ 、 Were I you, I would have asked him for some 你的话，我就向他请教了。 ⑶ 、 Were he to do this work by himself, he would get a lot of mo，他就会得到一些钱。 在 “开放式条件句 ” (open conditional clause) 和 让步状语从句 中should是被省略了的。 在这种情况下， 如果 if省略，动词 be 与主语的位置要倒装。 如： ⑴ 、 If any person be guilty of a crime, the court shall have the right to appeal. (任何人犯罪，法院有权起诉。 ) Be any person guilty of a crime, the court shall have the right to appeal. ⑵ 、 Whether she be right or wrong, she will have my unanswering support. (不管她是对还是错，我都会支持她的。 )。