初中英语时态总结

初中英语时态总结内容摘要：

arn, work, study, know.。 一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有 e, go, leave, start, die, finish, bee, get married等。 例如： I saw this film yesterday. （强调看的 动作发生过了） I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了） Why did you get up so early? （强调起床的动作已发生过了） Who hasn39。 t handed in his paper? （强调有卷子未交，疑为不公平竞争） He has been in the League for three years. （在团内的状态可延续） He has been a League member for three years. （是团员 的状态可持续） 句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。 （错） Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. （对） Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. 返回动词的时态目录 用于现在完成时的句型 1） It is the first / second time.... that… 结构中 的从句部分，用现在完成时。 例如： It is the first time that I have visited the city. 这是我第一次访问这城市。 This is the first time （ that） I39。 ve heard him sing. 这是我第一次听他唱歌。 注意： It was the third time that the boy had been late. 2） This is +形容词最高级 +that… 结构， that 从句要用现在完成时。 例如： This is the best film that I39。 ve （ ever） seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。 典型例题 （ 1） Do you know our town at all? No, this is the first time I ___ here. A. was B. have been C. came D. am ing 答案 B. This is the first time 后面所加从句应为现在完成时，故选 B。 （ 2） Have you ____ been to our town before? No, it39。 s the first time I ___ here. A. even, e B. even, have e C. ever, e D. ever, have e 答案 D. ever意为曾经或无论何时，反意词为 never，此两词常用于完成时。 注意：非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。 即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。 （错） I have received his letter for a month. （对） I haven39。 t received his letter for almost a month. 返回动词的时态目录 比较 since和 for Since 用来说明动作起始时间， for用来说明动作延续时间长度。 例如： I have lived here for more than twenty。 I have lived here since I was born. 我从出生起就住在这儿了。 注意：并非有 for 作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时。 I worked here for more than twenty years. （我现在已不在这里工作。 ） I have worked here for many years.（现在我仍在这里工作。 ） 注意：用句型转换的方法，很容易排除非延续动词在有 for/since结构的完成时中的误用。 1）（对） Tom has studied Russian for three years. = Tom began to study Russian three years ago, and is still studying it now. 2）（错） Harry has got married for six years. = Harry began to get married six years ago, and is still getting married now. 显然，第二句不对，它应改为 Harry got married six years ago. 或 Harry has been married for six years. 返回动词的时态目录 since的四种用法 1） since +过去一个时间点（如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、 1980, last month, half past six）。 例如： I have been here since 1989. 1989 起，我一直在这儿。 2） since +一段时间 + ago。 例如： I have been here since five months ago. 我在这儿，已经有五个月了。 3） since +从句。 例如： Great changes have taken place since you left. 你走后，变化可大了。 Great changes have taken place since we were here. 我们走后，变化可大了。 4） It is +一段时间 + since从句。