初三英语上册知识点总结

初三英语上册知识点总结内容摘要：

况： 1）主语＋谓语动词＋宾语 将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 （主动） We bought a book yesterday. （被动） The book was bought yesterday. 2）主语＋谓语动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语 将主动语态中一个宾语变为被动语态的主语。 多数情况下将间接宾语变为主语。 如果直接宾语变为主语时，间接宾语前要加介词 to / for。 （主动） He showed me a book yesterday. （被动） I was showed a book yesterday. （被动） The book was showed to me yesterday. 3）主语＋谓语动词＋复合宾语 含有一个由宾语加宾语补足语构成的复合宾语，变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语，宾语补足语保留不变，成为主语补足语。 （主动） I found him a good pupil. （宾语补足语） （被动） He was found a good pupil. （主语补足语） 4）短语动词变为被动语态 有些短语动词相当于一个及物动词，其后可以接宾语，因此它们也有被动语态，但短语动词是不可分割的整体，变为被动语态时不可去掉其后面的介词或副词。 （主动） We should look after the patients very well. （被动） The patients should be looked after very well by us. 5）宾语从句变为被动语态 若主动语态中是宾语从句，变为被动语态时常用 it 作形式主语，而把真正的主语放在后面。 It’s said that he passed the exam. 被动语态应注意的几个特殊问题： （ 1）不及物动词带介词和介词宾语，在变为被动语态时，仍然要带上介词。 （主动） The students in class listen to the teacher carefully. （被动） The teacher is listened to carefully by the students in class. （ 2）当动词带有复合宾语时，并且宾补是省去“ to”的动词不定式时，在被动语态中应加上“ to”。 （主动） They make do all the work. （被动） We were made to do all the work. （主动） We often hear her sing English songs. （被动） She is often heard to sing English songs. （主动） I see him walk to school. （被动） He is seen to walk to school. 1. by + doing 通过„„方式 如： by studying with a group by 还可以表示：“在„旁”、“靠近”、“在„期间”、“用、” “经过”、“乘车”等 如： I live by the river. I have to go back by ten o’clock. The thief entered the room by the window. The student went to park by bus. 2. talk about 谈论，议论，讨论 如： The students often talk about movie after class. 学生们常常在课后讨论电影。 talk to sb. === talk with sb. 与某人说话 3. 提建议的句子： ① What/ how about +doing sth.? 如： What/ How about going shopping? ② Why don’ t you + do sth.? 如： Why don’ t you go shopping? ③ Why not + do sth. ? 如： Why not go shopping?。