石油工程专业英语-钻井技术基础重点句子basicdrillingtechnology

石油工程专业英语-钻井技术基础重点句子basicdrillingtechnology内容摘要：

ch as the river deltas of West Africa, the inland waters of the Louisiana swamps, or the shallows of Lake Maricaibo, Venezuela. 显然，这种钻机只能用在相对较浅的，沼泽地区，例如：西非的river deltus，路易斯安 那沼泽的内陆河或者委内瑞拉的 Lake Maricaibor 浅部。 8 17. his rig is a floating deck supported by submerged pontoons and kept stationary by a series of anchors and mooring lines, and, in some cases, positionkeeping propellers. 这种钻机是由水下的浮桥所支撑的浮动的甲板，它被一系列的锚，固定绳，在一定情况下还包括固定的推进器 固定。 18. A “floater” like the semisubmersible, a drillship must maintain its position at the drilling location by anchors and mooring lines, or by putercontrolled dynamic positioning equipment. 一个“浮动物”像半潜入水中的，石油钻探平台在钻井现场必须通过锚，固定绳或者计算机控制的动力位置装置来保持它的固定。 19. Structure rigs are mounted on a fixed drilling and production platform, with all necessary auxiliary equipment secured on the deck. 结构钻机配备有固定的钻井开发平台，和在平台所需的安全辅助设备。 20. Although all of the drilling rigs mentioned vary quite a bit, depending on what sort of surface environment or stresses they are designed for, they still provide us with the ability to perform the four basic drilling functions discussed next. 尽管所有被提供的钻机变化范围相当大，其取决与地面环境的类型和它们设计的重点，但它们仍然提供完成以下讨论的四种基本钻井作用的能力。 21. The kelly and swivel are connected to the drillstring and are suspended from the hook beneath the traveling block, allowing the kelly and drillstring to be turned by the rotary table. 方钻杆和水龙头连接在钻柱上，它们悬挂在游车下面的大钩上 ，大钩另方钻杆和钻柱随着钻盘的旋转而转动。 22. From the drawworks, the line is threaded through the crown block at the top of the derrick and then through the traveling block, which hangs suspended from the crown block (Figure ). 从绞车开始，绳索穿过钻塔顶部的天车，然后通过悬挂在天车下面的游车。 9 23. The wire rope drilling line that is spooled onto the drawworks drum undergoes a certain degree of wear as the block is raised and lowered in the derrick. 随着钻塔上的天车的上升和下放，缠绕在绞车滚筒的绳索钻线承受着一定程度的拉力载荷。 24. Circulation of a drilling fluid to carry cuttings up the hole and cool the bit is an important function of any rotary drilling rig (Figure ). The heart of the circulation system is the mud pump (or pumps), which is (are) powered by the rig’s prime power source, as are the rotary table and drawworks. 为携带岩屑和冷却铅头的钻井液的循环是任何旋转钻机的一项重要功能。 循环系统中的中心是泥浆泵，它（们）正如转盘一样被钻机的原动机驱动。 25. The blowout preventers are a series of powerful sealing elements designed to close off the annular space between the pipe and hole where the mud is normally returning to the surface. 防喷器是系列设计的关闭管路与井眼之间的环行空间饿密封元件，泥泵通常从环室返回地面。 26. Hoisting, rotating, and circulating equipment is supplied with power from a prime power source, usually diesel engines. Engine capacity may range from 500 to 6000 hp, and power may be transmitted to the rig either mechanically or electrically. 举升系统，旋转系统和循环系统是由原动机提供动力，通常是柴油机，发动机容量从 50 马力至 6000 马力，动力以机械载电的形式传送给钻机。 27. The drillstem and drilling fluid are in themselves rather plex portions of the drilling system, and their makeup plays an important role in the efficiency of the drilling operation— that is, getting deeper cheaper! 钻杆和钻机液本身就是钻机系统中相当复杂的部分，并且它们的组合在钻井施工中起着重要的作用，那就是更深，更经济。 10 28. The drillstring, the largest ponent of the drillstem, is made up primarily of lengths of steel pipe to which are welded a threaded “pin” on the bottom end and a threaded “box” on the upper end (fig. ). 钻柱，钻杆中最长的部分，是又原始长度的钢管底端焊接上公扣，上端焊接母扣组成的。 29. There are other specialized tools that。