牛津英语初中系统的时态总结

牛津英语初中系统的时态总结内容摘要：

精锐教育教务管理部 ther, the moment, the minute, the day, the year, immediately 等引导的时间状语从句，条件句中，用一般现在时代替将来时。 例如： He is going to visit her aunt the day he arrives in Beijing. 他一到北京，就去看他姨妈。 一般现在时代替一般过去时 1 ） 书上说 ， 报纸上说 等。 例如： The newspaper says that it39。 s going to be cold tomorrow. 报纸上说明天会很冷的。 2） 叙述往事，使其生动。 例如： Napoleon39。 s army now advances and the great battle ，大战开始了 一般现在时代替现在完 成时 1） 有些动词用一般现在时代替完成时，如 hear, tell, learn, write , understand, fet, know, find , say, remember 等。 例如： I hear （ = have heard） he will go to London. 我听说了他将去伦敦。 I fet （ =have fotten） how old he is. 我忘了他多大了。 2） 用句型 It is … since… 代替 It has been … since …。 例如： It is （ = has been） five years since we last met. 从我们上次见面以来，五年过去了。 一般现在时代替现在进行时。 在 Here es…/There goes… 等句型里，用一般现在时代替现在进行时。 例如： There goes the bell. 铃响了。 现在进行时代替将来时 1） 表示即将发生的或预定中计划好的活动。 例如： Are you staying with us this weekend? 和我们一 起度周末好吗 ? We are leaving soon. 我们马上就走。 2） 渐变动词，如 get, run, grow, bee, begin 以及瞬间动词 die 等。 例如： He is dying. 他要死了。 时态一致 1） 如果从句所叙述的为真理或相对不变的事实，则用现在时。 例如： At that time, people did not know that the earth moves. 那时，人们不知道地球是动的。 He told me last week that he is eighteen. 上星期他告诉我他十八岁了。 2） 宾语从句中的，助动词 ought, need, must, dare 的时态是不变的。 例如： 中小学 1对 1课外辅导专家 精锐教育网站： 精锐教育教务管理部 He thought that I need not tell you the truth. 他认为我不必告诉你真相。 时态考点： 一、对一般现在时的考查 ：一般现在时表示一个习惯性、经常性的动作。 近几年，对一般现在时的考查常用过去时态或现在完成时态对考生进行干扰。 Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across the open sea, which _____ the Pacific, and we met no storm.（ 2020 年辽宁卷） A. was called B. is called C. had been called D. has been called ：在以 when, till/ until, as soon as, by the time, after, before 等引导 的时间状语从句，在以 if,unless, once 等引导的条件状语从句和以 no matter, however, even if 等词引导的让步状语从句中，如果主句中的动词用一般将来时，从句中的动词通常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 — What would you do if it _____ tomorrow? — We have to carry it on ,since we’ve got everything ready. （ 2020 年全国卷） A. rain B. rains C. will rain D. is raining 解析： if 引导条件状语从句，在条件状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来 二、对一般过去时的考查 一般过去时表示在过去某时某刻发生的动作或存在的状态，它常与表过去的时间状语连用，如 yesterday, last year, last night, the other day, just now, then, two days ago, in 1999, at that time 等。 但一般过去时也经常用在没有说明过去的时间状语的句子中， 这是高考的命题方向。 More than a dozen students in that school ____ abroad to study medicine last year.（ 2020 年上海卷） A. sent B. were sent C. had sent D. had been sent 三、对现在进行时的考查 由上下文语境表示时间 — What’s the terrible noise。 — The neighbours ____ for a party. （ 2020 年北京卷） A. have prepared B. are preparing C. prepare D. will prepare 四、对过去进行时的考查 when, while, as 等引导的时间状语从句中考查。 如果主句谓语和从句谓语都发生在过去，动作时间长的用过去进行时，表达谈话背景；动作时间短的用一般过去时，表达新的信息。 —You were out when I dropped in at your house. —Oh, I ____ for a friend from England at the airport. （ 2020 年福建卷） A. was waiting B. had waited C. am waiting D. have waited。 —Has Sam finished his homework today? —I have no idea. He ____ it this morning. （ 2020 年全国卷） A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done。 Shirely____a book about China last year but I don’t know whether she has finished it.（ 98） 中小学 1对 1课外辅导专家 精锐教育网站： 精锐教育教务管理部 written B. wrote C. had written D. was writing 五、对现在完成时的考查 ，而且强调动 作对现在的影响或表示经验。 ① He was hoping to go abroad but his parents ____ that they won’t support him unless he canborrow money from the bank.（ 2020 年湖北卷） A. were deciding B. have decided C. decided D. will decide ② Millions of pounds’ worth of damage ___by a storm which swept across the north of England last night. （ 2020 年重庆卷） A. has been caused B. had been caused C. will be caused D. will have been caused ，常与 for 或 since 等短语连用。 —The window is dirty. — I know. It ________ for weeks. （ 2020 年全国卷） A. hasn’t cleaned B. didn’t clean C. wasn’t cleaned D. hasn’t been cleaned ：一般过去时着重说明动作发生的时间、地点、 方式等，与现在不发生联系；而现在完成时只说明现在的情况，对现在有影响。 —Where _________ the recorder? I can’t see it anywhere.（ 98NMET） — I ____ it right here. But now it’s gone. A. did you put。 have put B. have you put。 put C. had you put。 was putting D. were you putting。 put 六、对现在完成进行时的考查 现在完成与现在完成时的区别如下： ，而现在完成进行时是持续了一段时间的动作，这个动作刚停止或仍在继续。 I have written an article.（已完成） I have been writing an article. （还在写） ，如 live, teach, work, study, learn, stay 等因现在完成时与现在完成进行时差别不大。 I have lived here for ten years. = I have been l。