土木工程概论英文双语教材毕设外文翻译材料

土木工程概论英文双语教材毕设外文翻译材料内容摘要：

这些工程师还为建筑业主定期提供进度报告。 The engineer who is engaged in munity and city planning this aspect may program and develop a munity in city or the whole this programming including far and far not only only is engineering factor, the development of land usage and natural resources environment of, society of with economy of factor also is a main civil engineers carry on coordination to the programming of the public construction engineering and the development of the private evaluate the facilities which be needed, including street, highway, public conveyance system, the machine field, the port, gives catchment and wastewater treatment system, public building, park and amusement and other facilities with promise social, economy and environment ground moderate a development. 从事社区和城市规划这一方面的土木工程师可能规划和发展一个城市中的社区或整个城市。 此规划中所包括的远远不仅仅为工程因素，土地的开发使用和自然资源环境的，社会 的和经济的因素也是主要的成分。 这些土木工程师对公共建设工程的规划和私人建筑的发展进行协调。 他们评估所需的设施，包括街道，公路，公共运输系统，机 场，港口，给排水和污水处理系统，公共建筑、公园和娱乐及其他设施 以保证社会、经济和环境地协调发展。 The civil engineer in measure engineering accurately measure the Earth surface to acquire a dependable information to fixed position and design engineering aspect includes a high craft to learn a method, such as the satellite bee mutually, the sail claps, with calculator bee from artificial satellite radio signal, through laser and sound wave pillar scan is converted into map, drill a hole for tunnel, construct superhighway and big dam, draw flood control and irrigation project, positioning may influence building item the purpose underground rock posing, and many other building uses provide more precise diagraph. 在这一专业领域的土木工程师精确测量地球表面以获得可靠的信息来定位和设计工程项目。 这一 方面包括高工艺学方法，如卫星成相，航拍，和计算机成相。 来自人造卫星的无线电信号，通过激光和音波柱扫描被转换为地图，为隧道钻孔，建造高速公路和大坝，绘制洪水控制和灌溉方案，定位可能影响建筑项目的地下岩石构成，以及许多其他建筑用途提供更精准的测量。 Other specialized have 2 bine inpletely in the civil engineering scope but is engineering management and engineering teaching towards training very important of additional of specialized item. 其他的专门项目。 还有两个并不完全在土木工程范围里面但对训练相当重要的附加的专门项目是工程管理和工程教学。 Many civil engineers all choose finally an occupation of leading to the then can let their businesses since management and a kind of anizational skill of technique that the civil engineering governor bines to moderate labor force, material, machine and engineers may work in the governmentmunicipal services, nation and state or the federal。 The management engineer who is troops or civilian in American army39。 s army corps。 Or the anization in half autonomy region, supervisor39。 s authorities in the city or may also manage scale for from several privately owned engineering that arrive 100 employees pany. 许多土木工程师都选择最终通向管理的职业。 其他则能让他们的事业从管理位置开始。 土木工程管理者结合技术上的知识和一种组织能力来协调劳动力，材料，机械和钱。 这些工程师可能工作在政府 —— 市政、国家、州或联邦；在美国陆军军团作为军队或平民的管理工程师；或在半自治地区，城市主管当局或相似的组织。 他们也可能管理规模为从几个到百个雇员的私营 工程公司。 Usually choose the teaching civil engineer of the business teaches graduate student and undergraduate course to living a technique up of specialized civil engineers participation that are engaged in teaching will cause to construct foundations research that the material and construction method technique also serve as the adviser of engineering item or technique realm, with the agency of key item. 通常选择教学事业的土木工程师教授研究生和本科生技术上的专门项目。 许多从事教学的土木工程师参与会导致建筑材料和施工方法技术革新的基础研究。 多数也担任工程项目或技术领域的顾问，和主要项目的代理。 This art includes， in addition to buildings， all the civil engineering structures such as dams，canals， tunnels， aqueducts， and bridges． The scientific basis for the design of buildings as shelters and for the design of civil engineering structures for other purposes is identical． It is only as a result of the specialized requirements of our modern society that these two fields have developed along separate paths． 除了建筑物，这艺术还包括所有的土木工程构筑物，比如大坝、运河、隧道、沟渠和桥梁。 对于作为庇护所的建筑物和作其他用途的土木工程构筑物，它们的设计科学依据是相同的。 只是出于现代社会的特定需要，这两个领域才沿着不同的路径发展。 In a similar manner， the master builder concerned with the building as a shelter is no longer an individual； instead， his work is done by a team of several specialists： the planner， the architect，the engineer， and the builder． The execution of a modern building depends on the collective talents of this team． 同样地，关注作为遮风避雨的建筑物的主要建造者也不再是一个单独的个体 ；相反，他的工作是由几个专家（规划者、建筑师、工程师和建筑工人）组成的一个小组来完成的。 一座现代化建筑的实现依赖这个小组集体的智慧。 The form of a building is an outgrowth of its function， its environment， and various socioeconomic factors． 建筑物的结构形式是它的功能、环境和各种社会经济因素共同作用的产物。 An apartment building， an office building， and a school differ in form because of the difference in the functions they fulfill． In an apartment building every habitable space， such as living rooms and bedrooms， must have natural light from windows while bathrooms and kitchens can have artificial light and therefore can be in the interior of the building． This set of requirements places a natural limit on the depth of an apartment building． In office buildi。