ipdet

ipdet内容摘要：

ficiaries find project goals acceptable • 让利益相关者参与进来，以确保目标受益人觉得项目目标可接受 • Assess adverse impacts and determine how to mitigate • 评估不利影响，并决定减缓方法 • Assists in forming key oute measures • 帮助形成关键的成果衡量方法 22 Common Questions during Social Assessment 社会评估阶段的普遍问题 • Who are the stakeholders? Are the objectives of the project consistent with their needs, interests, and capacities? • 谁是利益相关者。 项目目标和需求、利益以及能力是否一致。 • What social and cultural factors affect the ability of stakeholders to participate or benefit from the operations proposed? • 哪些社会和文化因素会影响利益相关者参与提议活动或者从中受益。 (continued on next slide)（下页续） 23 Common Questions (cont.) 普遍问题 （续） • What is the impact of the project or program on the various stakeholders, particularly on women and vulnerable groups? What are the social risks that might affect the success of the project or program? • 项目或计划，对各种利益相关者，特别是女性或者弱势团体，有什么影响。 哪些社会风险可能会影响项目或计划的成功。 • What institutional arrangements are needed for participation and project delivery? Are there adequate plans for building the capacity required for each? • 为了参与和项目交付需要什么样的制度安排。 有没有充足的方案来进行能力建设。 24 Tools and Approaches 工具与方法 • Stakeholder analysis • 利益相关者分析 • Gender analysis • 性别分析 • Participatory rural appraisal • 参与式农村评价 • Observation, interviews, focus groups • 考察、访谈、专题组讨论 • Mapping, analysis of tasks, wealth ranking • 规划、任务分析、财富排名 • Workshops: objectiveoriented project planning, teamup • 专题研讨会：以目标为导向的项目规划，团队协作 25 Environment and Social Assessment 环境和社会评估 • Environment and Social (Eamp。 S) addresses the impact of development on these issues • 环境和社会评估探究的是发展对这些问题的影响 • Development anizations are recognizing the role that local people can play in the design and implementation of interventions for the environment and natural resources • 发展组织现在不断认识到本地人群在设计或实施环境和自然资源干预活动方面可发挥的作用 (continued on next slide) （下页续） 26 Eamp。 S Assessment (cont.) 环境和社会评估 （续） • Eamp。 S assessment may be the sole purpose of the exercise or it may be embedded in the project evaluation • 环境和社会评估可能是任务的唯一目的或者是已经包含在项目评价中了 • Many interventions may have environmental impacts • 许多干预活动可能会给环境带来影响 • Most development anizations adhere to core Eamp。 S standards and must evaluate their implementation in projects and programs • 大多数发展组织遵守环境社会核心标准，并且必须对项目和计划的实施情况做出评价 27 Eamp。 S Guidelines/ Standards/Strategies 环境和社会指导方针 /标准 /战略 • Used to help assess the impact of the intervention on the ESHS • 用于评估干预对环境、社会、健康、安全的影响 • Three main sources三个主要来源 – Equator Principles 赤道原则 – ISO 14031 – Sustainable Development Strategies: A Resource Book 可持续发展战略：资料读物 28 Participatory Evaluation 参与式评价 • Representatives of agencies and stakeholders (including beneficiaries) work together in designing, carrying out and interpreting an evaluation • 机构和利益相关者（包括受益者）的代表共同设计、实施并解释评价 • Breaks from the audit ideal of independence • 不具备审计独立性 • Breaks from scientific detachment • 脱离科学分离 • Responsibility for planning, implementing, evaluation, and reporting is shared with all stakeholders • 规划、实施、评价和汇报责任由所有利益相关者共同承担 • Partnership based on dialogue and negotiation • 合作伙伴关系建立在对话和协商的基础上 29 Participatory Basic Principles 参与式评价的基本原则 • Evaluation involves participants skills in goal setting, establishing priorities, selecting questions, analyzing data, and making decision on the data • 评价涉及到参与者在制定目标、确立优先重点、选择问题、分析数据和对数据做出决定等领域的技能 • Participants own the evaluation — they make decisions and draw their own conclusions • 参与者拥有评价 ——他们做决定并得出他们自己的结论 • Participants ensure that the evaluation focuses on methods and results that they consider important • 参与者确保评价的重点放在他们认为重要的方法和结果上 (continued on next slide) （转下页） 30 Participatory Basic Principles (cont.) 参与式评价的基本原则 （续） • People work together and group unity is facilitated and promoted • 各方通力合作，团结意识得到增强 • All aspects of the evaluation are understandable and meaningful to participants • 对参与者来说，评价的所有方面都是可以理解并有意义的 • Self accountability is highly valued • 高度重视自我负责 • Facilitators act as resources for learning • 推动者充当学习的资源 • Participants are decision makers and。