chapter9shipmentdocuments

chapter9shipmentdocuments内容摘要：

out to the order of any person named in such a bill. This kind of bill may be transferred after endorsement. When the bill is made out “to order of shipper” it is necessary for the shipper to endorse the bill either in blank or in full, to the consignee to whom he wishes the delivery of the goods is to be made. If the shipper does not endorse such a bill, he reserves the right to dispose of the goods to himself.  A blank bill of lading is also called open B/L or bearer B/L. It refers to the bill in which the name of a definite consignee is not mentioned. There usually appear in the box of consignee words like “to bearer” and the holder of the B/L can take delivery of the goods against the surrender of B/L. long form and short form of bill of lading  According to the contents of the B/L, it can be divided into 2 forms.  A Long Form B/L refers to the bill of lading on the back of which all the detailed terms and conditions about the rights and obligations of the carrier and the consignor are listed as an integral part of the bill. A long form B/L is applicable for all countries.  A short form B/L is a document which omits the terms and conditions on the back of the B/L. Only America accepts short form B/L. freight prepaid and freight to be collected bill of lading  According to the time for payment of freight, it can be divided into 2 types.  A freight prepaid B/L means that all the freight is paid by the consignor when the B/L is issued by the carrier.  A freight to be collected B/L refers to the B/L on which “freight payable at destination” is indicated. Master and house bill of lading  According to the issuance party of B/L, it can be divided into 2 categories.  A Master B/L means the B/L is issued by the actual carrier directly to the consignor.  A House B/L is issued by NVOCC （ Nonvessel Operating Common Carrier） to the consignor under the authorization of the shipping pany. Other Types of B/L： Antedated, On Deck and advanced bill of lading Antedated B/L  When the actual loading date is slightly later than the date of shipment stipulated in the L/C, the carrier sometimes, at the request of the shipper, will issue the bill of lading to the shipper an antedated B/L so as to meet the requirement of the L/C. The shipping carrier does not issue antedated bill of lading. On Deck B/L  On Deck B/L is issued when the goods are stowed on deck. The carrier shall not be responsible for the damage to and losses of the deck goods. In accordance with UCP600, the on deck B/L is not be accepted by the bank provided that specified in L/C. advanced bill of lading  Advanced bill of lading is issued at the date which is prior to the shipped on board date. Similar to antidated bill of lading, the advanced bill of lading is required by the shipper for meeting requirement specified in L/C. The shipping carrier does not issue antedated bill of lading. B/L Maritime Laws and Rules  International laws and rules critical to B/L are: General Rules of Law Relating to Bills of Lading (The Hague Rules) , Protocol to Amend the International Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules of Law Relating to Bills of Lading (The Visby Rules) and United Nations Convention on the Carriage of Goods by Sea, 1978 (The Hamburg Rules).  In China, Maritime Law in 1993 was the first law with regard to maritime transport and carriers. This law follows the belief of The Visby Rules and introduces some rational parts in The Hamburg Rules. Copies and disposal in case of loss  Every B/L has its original and negotiable forms in triplicate and nonnegotiable copies. After one of the original B/L has acplished the formality of taking delivery, the others stand null and void. The nonnegotiable copies are only for kind reference.  Provided that the B/L is lost, when claiming cargo to the carrier, the consignee cannot deliver the goods until the。