传感器与检测技术中英文献

传感器与检测技术中英文献内容摘要：

且输出电压与输入运动成正比。 Such potentiometers suffer from the linked problem of resolution and electrical noise. Resolution is defined as the smallest detectable change in input and is dependent on the crosssectional area of the windings and the area of the sliding contact. The output voltage is thus a serials of steps as the contact moves from one wire to next. 这样的电位器存在着分辨率和电子噪声的问题。 分辨率是指传感器能检测到的最小的输入增量，分辨率大小取决于线圈与滑动触头围成的面积。 因此，输出电压为触头从一端移到另一端时一系列阶跃。 Electrical noise may be generated by variation in contact resistance, by mechanical wear due to contact friction, and by contact vibration transmitted from the sensing element. In addition, the motion being measured may experience significant mechanical loading by the inertia and friction of the moving parts of the potentiometer. The wear on the contacting surface limits the life of a potentiometer to a finite number of full strokes or rotations usually referred to in the manufacture‟s specification as the „number of cycles of life expectancy‟, a typical value being 20*1000000 cycles. 电子噪声可以通过接触电阻的振动、触头摩擦形成的机械磨损以及从敏感元件传出的触头振动产生。 另外，测得的运动量可以通过惯性和电位器中移动元件的摩擦获得较大的机械载荷。 触头表面的磨损将电位器的寿命限制为多少转。 通常指的是生产商在说明书中提及的 “寿命转数 ”，一个典型值为 20*1000000转。 The output voltage V0 of the unload potentiometer circuit is determined as follows. Let resistance R1= xi/xt *Rt where xi = input displacement, xt= maximum possible displacement, Rt total resistance of the potentiometer. Then output voltage V0= V* R1/(R1+( RtR1))=V*R1/Rt=V*xi/xt*Rt/Rt=V*xi/xt. This shows that there is a straightline relationship between output voltage and input displacement for the unloaded potentiometer. 空载电位器电路的输出电压 V0 由下式决定：设电阻 R1= xi/xt *Rt，其中 xi为输入位移， xt 为最大可能位移， Rt 为电位器的电阻。 那么输入电压 V0= V* R1/(R1+( RtR1))=V*R1/Rt=V*xi/xt*Rt/Rt=V*xi/xt 上式表明，对于空载电位器输出电压和输入位移呈直线关系。 031040903 Hlsy 6 It would seen that high sensitivity could be achieved simply by increasing the excitation voltage V. however, the maximum value of V is determined by the maximum power dissipation P of the fine wires of the potentiometer winding and is given by V=(PRt)1/2 . 通过提高激励电压 V可以获得高的灵敏度。 但是， V的最大值由电位器线 圈金属丝的功率损耗 P决定，即 V=(PRt)1/2。 Resistance Strain Gauges 电阻应变仪 Resistance strain gauges are transducers which exhibit a change in electrical resistance in response to mechanical strain. They may be of the bonded or unbonded variety . 电阻应变仪是 由机械应变产生电阻变化的传感器。 它们可以是耦合的或者非耦合的。 a) bonded strain gauges 耦合应变仪 Using an adhesive, these gauges are bonded, or cemented, directly on to the surface of the body or structure which is being examined. 运用黏合剂可将应变仪与被检测的结构或部件的表面粘合或粘牢。 Examples of bonded gauges are i) fine wire gauges cemented to paper backing ii) photoetched grids of conducting foil on an epoxyresin backing iii) a single semiconductor filament mounted on an epoxyresin backing with copper or nickel leads. 耦合应 变仪分为： i)粘合在绝缘纸背后的金属细丝仪 ii)在环氧树脂上粘贴导电箔片的光栅 iii） 在环氧树脂上粘贴铜或镍的半导体丝 Resistance gauges can be made up as single elements to measuring strain in one direction only, or a bination of elements such as rosettes will permit simultaneous measurements in more than one direction. 传感器与检测技术 031040903 李 素妍 7 Hlsy： 20201012 电阻应变仪可作为单个元件仅在一个方向测量应力，或者几个元件的组合体可在几个方向同时进行测量。 b) unbonded strain gauges 非耦合应变仪 A typical。