教育技术学专业英语词汇及例句

教育技术学专业英语词汇及例句内容摘要：

Pavlov demonstrated that this learning process could be used to make an association between environmental stimulus and anturally occurring stimulus. 巴甫洛夫还证明了这个学习过程可以用于创造环境与本能刺激间的相关联。 modification 行为修正 Therapeutic techniques such as behavioral modification and token economies are often utilized to help children learn new skills and overe maladaptive behaviors,while conditioning is used in many situations ranging from parenting to education. 治疗技术中的行为分析、行为修正，行为矫正，在大多数情况下用于从养 育到教育的过程中帮助孩子学习新技能、克服不适应的行为。 structures 认知结构 However,even while accepting such behavioristic concepts,cognitive theorists view learning as involving the acquisition or reanization of the cognitive structures through which humans process and store informantion. 然而，尽管他们接受行为主义的某些观点，但是认知主义家们认为学习是认知结构的获得和重组即人们加工的和存储信息的过程。 infornation 有意义的学习 Cognitivists hold that meaningful information is easier to learn and remember than information that is not meaningful to the learner,and that practicing and rehearsing information improves retention(Mergel,1998). 认知主义坚信，对于学习者而言，学学有意义的信息比无意义的信息更容易，并且，练习和预演知识能改善记忆力。 顺应 Constructivism divides learning into two types:acmodation and assimilation. 建构主义将学习分为两种类型：顺应和同化。 同化 Constructivism divides learning into two types:acmodation and assimilation. 建构主义将学习分为两种类型：顺应和同化。 psychology 认知心理学 Schema theory,elaboration,metacognition,automaticity,expert/novices studies,and transfer are only a few of the constructs studied by cognitive psychologists that have important implications for the design of instruction. 图式理论、精细化、元认知、自动化、专家 /新手的学习，以及迁移理论都对教学设计有重要启示，这只是认知心理学家们众多研究中的一小部分。 objectives 教学目标 At the present time it is sufficient to state that instructional objectives are concrete statements the goals toward which instruction is directed. 到今天为止我们能够理直气壮地声称我们的教学目标比较准确地描述了教学所指向的目的。 information processing theory 认知信息加工理论 He proposed an integrated and prehensive theory of instruction that is based primarily on two foundations:cognitive infomation processing theory and Gagne’s own observations of effective teaching in the classroom. 他基于认知信息加工理论和自己在课堂上对有效教学的观察提出一整套综合性的教学理论。 of learning oute 学习结果分类理论 A taxonomy of learning oute that defined the types of capabilities humans can learn. 定义人类学习能力类型的学习结果分类理论。 and external learning conditions 内部和外部学习条件理论 Internal and external learning conditions associated with the asquistion of each category of leaning oute. 与所习得各种类型学习结果相关的内部和外部学习条件理论。 events of instruction 九段教学法 Inie events of instruction that each facilitates a specific cognitive process during learning. 在学习中促进具体认知过程的九段教学法。 情感 Taxonomies of learning existed before and since Gagne’s formulation of his,but none besides his includes all three domains in which individuals were presumed to learn:cognitive,affective,and psychomotor. 学习分类在加涅理论的形成之前就已存在，但是包括加涅学习结果分类理论在内，都未完全包含个体应学内容的三个域：认知、情感和精神运动。 of learning 学习分类 Taxonomies of learning existed before and since Gagne’s formulation of his,but none besides his includes all three domains in which individuals were presumed to learn:cognitive,affective,and psychomotor. 学习分类在加涅理论的形成之前就已存在，但是包括加涅学习结果分类理论在内，都未完全包含个体应学内容的三个域：认知、情感和精神运动。 精神运动 Taxonomies of learning existed before and since Gagne’s formulation of his,but none besides his includes all three domains in which individuals were presumed to learn:cognitive,affective,and psychomotor. 学习分类在加涅理论的形成之前就已存在，但是包括加涅学习结果分类理论在内，都未完全包含个体应学内容的三个域：认知、情感和精神运动。 information 言 语信息 Verbal information,that is,knowing “that” or “what”. 言语信息，即知道是“那个”或“什么”。 skills 智慧技能 Intellectual skills,that is,applying kmowledge. 智慧技能，也就是应用知识。 strategies 认知策略 Cognitive strategies,that is,employing effective ways of thinking and learning. 认知策略，也就是使用有效的思考和学习方式。 skills 动作技能 Motor skills,that is, execting precisely,smoothly and accurately timed movements. 动作技能，也就是能在限制的时间内准确、熟练、精确地运动。 table 乘法表 For example,learning to ride a bicycle( a motor skill)is defferent in fundamental ways from learning the multiplication table(verbal information),which is defferent in fundamental ways from learning to solve scientific problems(intellectual skill). 例如，学习骑自行车（一种动作技能）与学习乘法表（言语信息）在方式上是有本质区别的，与学习解决问题（智慧技能）的基本方式也大不相同。 knowledge 先决知识 Stimulating recall of prior learning:a question or activity to remind the learner of prerequisite knowledge. 刺激回忆先前的学习：设计问题或活动使学习者回想以前所学知识。 learning 发现学习 Discovery learning is an inquirybased,constructivist learning theory that takes place in problem solving situations where the learner draws on his or her own past experience and existing knowledge to discover facts and relationship and new truths to be learned. 发现学习是一种以质疑为基础的建构主义的学习理论，这种学习发生在问题求解的情况中，在这种情况下，学习者利用他或她过去的经验和现存的 知识去探索将要学习的事实和新真理。 learning theory 建构主义学习理论 Discovery learning is an inquirybased,constructivist learning theory that takes place in problem solving situations where the learner draws on his or her own past experience and existing knowledge to discover facts and relationship and new truths to be learned. 发现学习是一种以质疑为基础的建构主义的学习理论，这种学习发生在问题求解的情况中，在这种情况下，学习者利用他或她过去的经验和现存的知识去探索将要学习的事实和新真理。 model 传输模型 As a result,students may be more likely to remenber concepts and knowledge discovered on their own(in contrast to a transmission model). 因此，学生可能更容易记住他们自己发现的概念和知识（相对于传输模型）。 learning 问题导向的学习 Models that are based upon discovery learning model include:guided discovery,problembased learning,simulationbased learning,casebased learning,incidental learning,among others. 基于发现学习模式的学习模型包括：有指导的发现、问题导向的学习、仿真学习、案例学习、随即学习。 learning 仿真学习 Models that are based upon discovery learning model include:guided discovery,problembased learning,simulationbased learning,casebased learning,incidental learning,among others. 基于发现学习模式的学习模型包括：有指导的发现、问题导向的学习、仿真学习、案例学习、随即学习。 learn。