剑桥iels雅思4听力原文手打完整无误

剑桥iels雅思4听力原文手打完整无误内容摘要：

W: Oh, I see. Bar one. Ok, now what’s about the next bar? M: Bar two is to do with the people who live nearby disturbing them so they chose to move away to somewhere quieter. Now let’s look at bar . Another reason people change their places of living is because they want to be closer to the city. W: Ok. Proximity to the city is the issue. M: Now bar refers to problems when the owner of the property won’t help fix things go wrong. In other words, the owner is not helpful and so the tenants move out. W: Ok, now what about Bar 5. M: Bar 5 is about those people who move because they need a bus 10 or train to get among the city or to go to work. W: Ok, and Bar 6? M: Bar is midresting. That reason was given quite a lot. People move in because they wanted to be in a more attractive neighbourhood. W: Oh yes. Thank you very much. test1_section4 Good day, ladies and gentlemen. I39。 ve been asked today to talk to you about the urban landscape. There39。 re two major areas that I39。 ll focus on in my talk: how vegetation can have a significant effect on urban climate and how we can better plan our cities using trees to provide a more fortable environment for us to living. Trees can have a significant impact on our cities. They can make our cities, as a whole, a bit less windy or a bit more windy as that what you want. They can make it a bit cooler if it39。 s a hot summer day in an Australian city or they can make it a bit more humid if it39。 s a dry inland city. On the local scale, that is a particular area within the city, trees can make the local area more shady, cooler, more humid and much less windy. In fact, trees and plantings of various of kinds can be used to make city streets actually less dangerous in particular areas. 11 How do trees do that, you39。 ll ask? Well, the main difference between a tree and a building is a tree has got an internal mechanism to keep the temperature regulated. It evaporates water through its leaves. And that means the temperature of the leaves is never very far from our own body temperature. The temperature of a building surface on a hot sunny day can easily be 20 degrees more than our temperature. Trees, on the other hand, remain cooler than buildings because they sweat. This means they can humidify the air and cool it, a property which can be exploited to improve the local climate. Trees can also help break the force of the winds. The reason that high buildings may keep windier at ground level is that as the wind goes higher and higher, it goes faster and faster. When the wind hits the building, it has to go somewhere. Some of it goes over the top and some goes around the sides of the building, forcing those high level winds down to ground level. That doesn39。 t happen when you have trees. Trees filter the wind and considerably reduce it preventing those very large strong gusts that you so often find around tall buildings. Another problem in builtup areas is the traffic noise is intensified by 12 tall buildings. By planting a belt of trees at the side of the road, you can make things a little quieter but much of the vehicle noise still goes through the trees. Trees can also help reduce the amount of noise in the surroundings, although the effect is not as large as people would like to think. Low frequency noise, in particular, just goes through the trees as that they aren39。 t there. Although trees can significantly improve the local climate, they do, however, take up a lot of space. There39。 re route system to consider and branches blocking the windows and so on. It may therefore be difficult to fit trees into the local landscape. There39。 s not a great deal you can do if you have what we call a street canyon, a whole set of highrises enclosed in the narrow street. Trees need water to grow. They also need some sunlight to grow and you need room to put them. If you have the chance of knocking buildings down and replacing them, then suddenly you can start looking at different ways to design the streets and to introduce...(End) test2_section1 W: Oh, Peter, there you39。 re. It39。 s been ages. What catches so long? M: Sorry, I39。 m so late, Sally. Have you been waiting long? W: Half an hour. But it doesn39。 t matter. I had a coffee and I had been reading this guidebook for tourists. Sit down. 13 M: Umm. W: You look very hot and tired. What would you like to drink? M: I39。 d love really chill mineral water or something. Would you have another coffee? W: Yes, I39。 ll. The waitress will be back in a moment. Why are you so late. Did something happen? M: Yes. You know I went to the bank to cash something traveller39。 s cheques. Well the exchange rate was looking very healthy but I went to the。