美国文学史期末考试资料

美国文学史期末考试资料内容摘要：

调 of a poem is melancholy 悲伤 . 3. He opposed didactic 4. He stressed the form of poem, especially the beautiful and neat rhyme. 5. Famous Poems: The Raven, Annabel Lee, To Helen Poe’s short story’s theory 1. The short story must be such length as to be read at one sitting (brevity) 2. The very first sentence ought to help to bring out the “single effect” of the story. 第一句话使读者对故事有一个简单的印象 3. No word should be used which does not contribute to the “preestablished” design of the work (pression). “不为简单服务的句子都不应该在其中 ” 4. A tale should reveal some logical with “the fullest satisfaction,” and should end with the last sentence, leaving a sense of finality with the 逻辑的真理，最后收尾的一句话应该使读者感到故事圆满结束 Poe’s achievement 1. the establishment of a new symbolic poetry。 2. the formalization（形式化） of the new short story。 3. the invention of the story of detection（侦探） and the broadening of science fiction。 4. the foundation of a new fiction of psychological analysis and symbolism。 5. the slow development of an important critical theory and a discipline of analytical criticism. Realism：现实主义 1. Howells 豪斯尔威 :给总统写传记的两个人 : Howells amp。 Hawthorne The Rise of Silas Lapham 《塞拉斯 路帕姆的发迹》 2. James 詹姆斯 : the founder of psychological realism 意识流小说的先驱： The forerunner of “Stream of consciousnes” novels The American Daisy Miller《戴茜 米勒》 The Golden Bowl 《金碗 》 The Ambassadors 《奉使说》 → James considered his “most perfect” work of art. James, Howells and Mark Twain are three staunch advocates of 19c American realism. Local Colorism: 地方特色主义 Mark Twain 马克 吐温： The Adventures of Tom Sawyer 《汤姆 索亚历险记》 → 写给 “孩子们的书 ” The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn 《哈克贝利 费恩历险记》（最有名的、美现代文学的源头）Hemingway noted, “all modern American literature es.” The writing style: local colorism and the colloquial style. The writing theme: racism and growing them James, Howells and Mark Twain all worked for realism, but they are different. In thematic terms, James wrote the upper calss, Hwells wrote the miidle, Mark Twain wrote the lower class. Technically, Howells wrote in the vein of genteal realism, James pursued an “imaginative” treatment of reality. Mark Twain (in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn)used his theories of localism and colloquial style. American Naturalism: 美国自然主义 1. Crane 克莱恩： A pioneer writing in the naturalistic tradition 自然主义写作手法先驱 Maggie: A Girl of the Street 《街头女郎：麦琪》 is the first naturalistic novel in America Crane amp。 Dickinson are two precursors of Imagist poetry 意象派诗歌先驱 2. Norris 诺里斯 Mc Teague 《迈克提格》 3. Dreiser 德莱赛 Sister Carrie 《嘉莉妹妹》 O. Henry 欧亨利： The Gift of the Magi 《麦琪的礼物》 The Necklace Sinclair 辛莱克： The Jungle 《丛林》 Sinclair Lewis 是美国历史上第一位诺贝尔文学奖获得者 The era of Modernism:19101930 Definition: modernism amp。 Imagism: 意象派 1. Pound 庞德 Cathay 《华夏集》 Cantos 《诗章》 (called pound’s “intellectual diary since 1915”) In a Station of the Metro 《 在地铁站》 —意象派诗歌的经典之作 The apparition of these faces in the crowd。 Petals on a wet black bough “apparition” has double meaning. a. meaning “appearance”. b. meaning sth. Which seems real but perhaps is not real. Hugh Selwyn Mauberley 《休 赛尔温 毛伯丽》 (庞德所做最好的一首诗 ) 译 《天净沙 秋思》 Autumn 2.。