对外贸易外文翻译--贸易开放和经济增长：出口导向型还是进口导向型？

对外贸易外文翻译--贸易开放和经济增长：出口导向型还是进口导向型？内容摘要：

Some researchers argue that causality flows from exports to economic growth and denotes this as the exportled growth (ELG) reverse causal flow from economic growth to exports is termed growthled exports (GLE). The third alternative is that of importled growth (ILG) which suggests that economic growth could be driven primarily by growth in imports. Despite the potentially important role of imports and import petition, relatively little attention has been devoted to the causal relationship between imports and economic growth. Most studies on the effect of trade openness on growth have primarily focused on the role of exports and have mostly ignored the contribution of imports. However, some recent studies have shown that without controlling for imports, any observed causal link between exports and economic growth may be spurious and thus misleading (Esfahani, 1991。 Riezman et al., 1996。 Thangavelu and Rajaguru, 2020). Imports may be very important to economic growth since significant export growth is usually associated with rapid import growth. Furthermore, the exportgrowth analyses that exclude imports may be subject to the classic omitted variable problem. The fundamental causal. relationship may actually be between imports and economic growth. Although numerous empirical studies have investigated the role of exports in economic growth,they largely focused on Asian economies, with few studies including Latin America in their economic development paths,many Latin American economies mostly followed protectionist trade policies emphasizing the importsubstitution industrialization strategy. The current prevailing view among most development economists is that the importsubstitution approach is detrimental to economic growth as it inherently fosters production inefficienc ies and encourages rentseeking behaviour. In recent years, many Latin American countries have experienced major macroeconomic and trade policy reforms with emphasis on market liberalization and trade openness. This study investigates the causal relationship between trade and economic growth for three Latin American economies (Argentina, Colombia and Peru) within an integrated framework that explores the role of both exports and imports. This study makes contributions to the literature in several ways. First, in contrast to most previous studies of the ELG hypothesis, this study extends the traditional neoclassical growth model by estimating an augmented production function that explicitly tests for the effect of both exports and imports on economic growth. Real exports and imports are included as two of the endogenous variables in the cointegrated vector autor。