孙子兵法英文版英汉对照翻译

孙子兵法英文版英汉对照翻译内容摘要：

y know that there are five essentials for victory： （ 1） He will win who knows when to fight and when not to fight. （ 2） He will win who knows how to handle both superior and inferior forces. （ 3） He will win whose army is animated by the same spirit throughout all its ranks. （ 4） He will win who， prepared himself， waits to take the enemy unprepared. （ 5） He will win who has military capacity and is not interfered with by the sovereign. 故曰：知己知彼，百战不贻；不知彼而知己，一胜一负；不知彼不知己，每战必败。 Hence the saying： If you know the enemy and know yourself， you need not fear the result of a hundred battles. If you know yourself but not the enemy， for every victory gained you will also suffer a defeat. If you know neither the enemy nor yourself， you will succumb in every battle. 军形第四 IV. Tactical Dispositions 孙子曰：昔之善战者，先为不可胜，以待敌之可胜。 Sun Tzu said： The good fighters of old first put themselves beyond the possibility of defeat， and then waited for an opportunity of defeating the enemy. 不可胜在己，可胜在敌。 To secure ourselves against defeat lies in our own hands， but the opportunity of defeating the enemy is provided by the enemy himself. 故善战者，能为不可胜，不能使敌之必可胜。 Thus the good fighter is able to secure himself against defeat， but cannot make certain of defeating the enemy. 故曰：胜可知，而不可为。 Hence the saying： One may know how to conquer without being able to do it. 不可胜者 ， 守也 ； 可胜者 ， 攻也。 Security against defeat implies defensive tactics； ability to defeat the enemy means taking the offensive. 守则不足 ， 攻则有余。 Standing on the defensive indicates insufficient strength； attacking， a superabundance of strength. 善守者藏于九地之下，善攻者动于九天之上，故能自保而全胜也。 The general who is skilled in defense hides in the most secret recesses of the earth； he who is skilled in attack flashes forth from the topmost heights of heaven. Thus on the one hand we have ability to protect ourselves； on the other， a victory that is plete. 见胜不过众人之所知，非善之善者也； To see victory only when it is within the ken of the mon herd is not the acme of excellence. 战胜而天下曰善，非善之善者也。 Neither is it the acme of excellence if you fight and conquer and the whole Empire says， Well done。 故举秋毫不为多力，见日月不为明目，闻雷霆不为聪耳。 To lift an autumn hair is no sign of great strength； to see the sun and moon is no sign of sharp sight； to hear the noise of thunder is no sign of a quick ear. 古之所谓善战者，胜于易胜者也。 What the ancients called a clever fighter is one who not only wins， but excels in winning with ease. 故善战者之胜也，无智名，无勇功， Hence his victories bring him neither reputation for wisdom nor credit for courage. 故其战胜不忒。 不忒者，其所措胜，胜已败者也。 He wins his battles by making no mistakes. Making no mistakes is what establishes the certainty of victory， for it means conquering an enemy that is already defeated. 故善战者，立于不败之地，而不失敌之败也。 Hence the skillful fighter puts himself into a position which makes defeat impossible， and does not miss the moment for defeating the enemy. 是故胜兵先胜而后求战，败兵先战而后求胜。 Thus it is that in war the victorious strategist only seeks battle after the victory has been won， whereas he who is destined to defeat first fights and afterwards looks for victory. 善用兵者，修道而保法，故 能为胜败之政。 The consummate leader cultivates the moral law， and strictly adheres to method and discipline； thus it is in his power to control success. 兵法：一曰度，二曰量，三曰数，四曰称，五曰胜。 In respect of military method， we have， firstly， Measurement； secondly， Estimation of quantity； thirdly， Calculation； fourthly， Balancing of chances； fifthly， Victory. 地生度，度生量，量生数，数生称，称生胜。 Measurement owes its existence to Earth； Estimation of quantity to Measurement； Calculation to Estimation of quantity； Balancing of chances to Calculation； and Victory to Balancing of chances. 故胜兵若以镒称铢，败兵若以铢称镒。 A victorious army opposed to a routed one， is as a pound39。 s weight placed in the scale against a single grain. 称胜者之战民也，若决积水于千仞之溪者，形也。 The onrush of a conquering force is like the bursting of pentup waters into a chasm a thousand fathoms deep. 兵势第五 V. Energy 孙子曰：凡治众如治寡，分数是也； Sun Tzu said： The control of a large force is the same principle as the control of a few men： it is merely a question of dividing up their numbers. 斗众如斗寡，形名是也； Fighting with a large army under your mand is nowise different from fighting with a small one： it is merely a question of instituting signs and signals. 三军之众，可使必受敌而无败者，奇正是也； To ensure that your whole host may withstand the brunt of the enemy39。 s attack and remain unshaken—— this is effected by maneuvers direct and indirect. 兵之所加，如以 碬 投卵者，虚实是也。 That the impact of your army may be like a grindstone dashed against an egg——this is effected by the science of weak points and strong. 凡战者，以正合，以奇胜。 In all fighting， the direct method may be used for joining battle， but indirect methods will be needed in order to secure victory. 故善出奇者，无穷如天地，不竭如江海。 终而复始，日月是也。 死而更生，四时是也。 Indirect tactics， efficiently applied， are inexhaustible as Heaven and Earth， unending as the flow of rivers and streams； like the sun and moon， they end but to begin anew； like the four seasons， they pass away to return once more. 声不过五，五声之变，不可胜听也； There are not more than five musical notes， yet the binations of these five give rise to more melodies than can ever be heard. 色不过五，五色之变，不可胜观也； There are not more than five primary colors （ blue， yellow， red， white， and black）， yet in bination they produce more hues than can ever been seen. 味不过五，五味之变，不可胜尝也； There are not more than five cardinal tastes （ sour， acrid， salt， sweet， bitter）， yet binations of them yield more flavors than can ever be tasted. 战势不过奇正，奇正之变，不可胜穷也。 In battle， there are not more than two methods of attack——the direct and the indirect； yet these two in bination give rise to an endless series of maneuvers. 奇正相生，如循环之无端，孰能穷之哉。 The direct and the indirect lead on to each other in tu。