20xx年全国高考英语试题阅读理解分类汇编之议论文

20xx年全国高考英语试题阅读理解分类汇编之议论文内容摘要：

t,‟Bernard said.„We still have not exactly learned to cope with the mixture of closeness and displeasure.‟”可知，Prof. Bernard 认为人们不习惯乘电梯是因为空间太小，这与人们其它的生活经历不一样。 C项中的 “Little physical space”与 Bernard 谈及的 “closeness”相吻合。 70. C 【解析】推理判断题。 根据最后一段中的 “America‟s total number of elevators—900,000 at last count, according to Elevator World magazine‟s “2020 Vertical Transportation Industry”—are a 飞扬英语之 高考 阅读 解析精品 品味高考阅读 提高阅读理解能力 5 force that‟s being more important than ever.”可知，然而电梯在城市的发展中扮演着重要角色。 (2020 江苏卷 ) B However wealthy we may be, we can never find enough hours in the day to do everything we want. Economics deals with this problem through the concept of opportunity cost, which simply refers to whether someone39。 s time or money could be better spent on something else. Every hour of our time has a value. For every hour we work at one job we could quite easily be doing another, or be sleeping or watching a film. Each of these options has a different opportunity cost—namely, what they cost us in missed opportunities. Say you intend to watch a football match but the tickets are expensive and it will take you a couple of hours to get to and from the stadium. Why not, you might reason, watch the game from home and use the leftover money and time to have dinner with friends? This—the alternative use of your cash and time—is the opportunity cost. For economists, every decision is made by knowledge of what one must fo—in terms of money and enjoyment—in order to take it up. By knowing precisely what you are receiving and what you are missing out on, you ought to be able to make betterinformed, more reasonable decisions. Consider that most famous economic rule of all: there39。 s no such thing as a free lunch. Even if someone offers to take you out to lunch for free, the time you will spend in the restaurant still costs you something in terms of fone opportunities. Some people find the idea of opportunity cost extremely discouraging: imagine spending your entire life calculating whether your time would be better spent elsewhere doing something more profitable or enjoyable. Yet, in a sense it39。 s human nature to do precisely that—we assess the advantages and disadvantages of decisions all the time. In the business world, a popular phrase is value for money. People want their cash to go as far as possible. However, another is fast obtaining an advantage: value for time. The biggest restriction on our resources is the number of hours we can devote to something, so we look to maximize the return we get on our investment of time. By reading this passage you are giving over a bit of your time which could be spent doing other activities, such as sleeping and eating. In return, however, this passage will help you to think like an economist, closely considering the opportunity cost of each of your decisions. 58. According to the passage, the concept of opportunity cost is applied to______. A. making more money B. taking more opportunities C. reducing missed opportunities D. weighing the choice of opportunities 59. The leftover ... time in Paragraph 3 probably refers to the time______. A. spared for watching the match at home B. taken to have dinner with friends C. spent on the way to and from the match D. saved from not going to watch the match 60. What are fone opportunities? A. Opportunities you fet in decisionmaking. B. Opportunities you give up for better ones. C. Opportunities you miss accidentally. D. Opportunities you make up for. 【篇章导读】本文是一篇议论文。 文中讲一天中人们不可有足够的时间做想要做的一切事情， 飞扬英语之 高考 阅读 解析精品 品味高考阅读 提高阅读理解能力 6 我们要放弃一些机会以得到更好的机会。 58. D 【解析】 猜测词义 题。 根据第一段中的 “Economics deals with this problem through the concept of opportunity cost, which simply refers to whether someone39。 s time or money could be better spent on something else.”可 知， the concept of opportunity cost 指人们是否能把时间或金钱更好地利用在其他事上，所以它用在衡量机会的选择。 59. C 【解析】 细节理解 题。 根据第三段中的 “Why not, you might reason, watch the game from home and use the leftover money and time to have dinner with friends?”可知去体育场看球赛花钱，来回的途中又花时间，倒不如在家里用省下来时间和金钱和朋友吃饭。 所以 文中 leftover money and time 指看球赛来回所花费的时间。 60. B 【解析】 细节理解 题。 根据第四段内容，尤其是该段中的 “Even if someone offers to take you out to lunch for free, the time you will spend in the restaurant still costs you something in terms of fone opportunities.”可以， fone opportunities 指为了更好的机会被放弃的机会。 (2020 江西卷 ) D Everyone looks forward to progress, whether in one‟s personal life or in the general society. Progress indicates a person‟s ability to change the way he is living at the moment. Progress must lead a better way of doing things. All these, however, remains true only in so far as people want to accept technology and move forward by finding new and more efficient ways of doing things. However, at the back of the minds of many people, especially those who miss the “good old days”, efficiency es with a price. When munication bees efficient, people are able to contact one another no matter where they are and at whatever time they wish to. The click of a button allows people miles apart to talk or to see each other without even leaving their homes. With the munication gadgets, such as mobile phones and ipads, people often do not take the effort to visit one another personally. A personal visit carries with it the additional feature of having to be in the person‟s presence for as long as the visit lasts. We cannot unnecessarily excuse ourselves or turn the other person off. With efficiency also es mass production. Such is the nature of factories and the success of industrialization today. Factories have improved efficiency. Unskillful tasks are left to machines and products are better made and produced with greater accuracy than any human hand cou。